Go to Related Reading
About this book

1QpHab

Commentary on Habakkuk

About this book

Column 5

1 for judgment you have appointed him; O Rock, you have established him to reprove him. Eyes too pure 2 to look on evil, and you cannot gaze on trouble. 3 The interpretation of the matter: that God will not destroy his people by the hand of the nations, 4 but into the hand of his chosen ones God will give the judgment of all the nations, and by their reproof 5 all the wicked of his people will be found guilty, by those who kept his commandments 6 in their distress. For that is what it says: “Eyes too pure to look 7 on evil.” Its interpretation: that they did not go whoring after their eyes in the age of 8 wickedness. Why do you look on, traitors, and keep silent when 9 the wicked swallows one more righteous than he? Its interpretation concerns the house of Absalom 10 and the men of their counsel, who kept silent at the reproof of the Teacher of Righteousness⁠ 11 and did not help him against the Man of the Lie, who rejected 12 the Torah in the midst of their whole congregation. And you make humankind like the fish of the sea, 13 like creeping things, to rule over them. He brings all of them up with a hook and drags them in his net 14 and gathers them in his [dragnet. Therefore he sacrifices] to his net; therefore he rejoices 15 [and is glad and burns incense to his dragnet, for by them] his portion is fat 16 [and his food is rich … Its interpretation concerns]

Texts in conversation

Compare Habakkuk 1:13 and 1QpHab 5:10

Hebrew Bible · Dead Sea Scrolls, Biblical Interpretation

Share:

Summary

In Habakkuk, the prophet asks why God stays silent when the wicked harm the righteous. In 1QpHab, a Dead Sea Scrolls commentary, the complaint is directed at people who stayed silent when the Teacher of Righteousness needed help.

Passages

Habakkuk 1:13

Hebrew Bible
12 Lord, you have been active from ancient times; my sovereign God, we will not die35. Lord, you have made them your instrument of judgment. Protector, you have appointed them as your instrument of punishment. 13 You are too just to tolerate evil; you are unable to condone wrongdoing. So why do you put up with such treacherous people? Why do you say nothing when the wicked devour those more righteous than they are? 14 You made people like fish in the sea, like animals in the sea that have no ruler.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Habakkuk

1QpHab 5:10

Dead Sea Scrolls, Biblical Interpretation · Commentary on Habakkuk
8 wickedness. Why do you look on, traitors, and keep silent when 9 the wicked swallows one more righteous than he? Its interpretation concerns the house of Absalom 10 and the men of their counsel, who kept silent at the reproof of the Teacher of Righteousness 11 and did not help him against the Man of the Lie, who rejected 12 the Torah in the midst of their whole congregation. And you make humankind like the fish of the sea,
175–100 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1QpHab

References

“... (3) The pesher on Hab 1:13 refers to a power struggle involving the Teacher of Righteousness. O traitors, why do you stare and keep silence when an evil person swallows someone more righteous than himself? (Hab 1:13b). Interpreted, this concerns the House of Absalom and the mem- bers of its council who were silent at the time of the chastise- ment of the Teacher of Righteousness and gave him no help against the Liar who flouted the Law in the midst of their whole [congregation]. (1QpHab V 8–12) Absalom was a beloved son of David who rose in rebellion against him, which is why the traitors are nicknamed “House of Absalom.” They are criticized for not aiding the Teacher of Righteousness when he was harassed by “the Liar.” We do not know who this bad guy was, but he was evidently someone with power and influence who made trouble for the Teacher. An interesting and important feature of this passage is how the pesher misquotes Habakkuk. In the original, this verse is addressed to God: “Why do you look on the treacherous, and stay silent when the wicked swallow those more righteous than themselves?” The pesher alters the verse’s word- ing so that it rebukes traitors instead of questioning God. The pesher also transforms Habakkuk’s plural “wicked” and “righteous” into singular nouns referring to specific individuals (the Liar and the Teacher of Righteousness). This kind of textual manipulation is a standard pesher technique. (More on this below.) ...”
Robert J. Miller, Helping Jesus Fulfill Prophecy (Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2016), 76.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Habakkuk 1:13 and 1QpHab 5:10

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library