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1 Peter

About this book
Chapter 3

1 In the same way, wives, be subject to your own husbands.⁠ Then, even if some are disobedient to the word, they will be won over without a word by the way you live, 2 when they see your pure and reverent conduct. 3 Let your beauty not be external—the braiding of hair and wearing of gold jewelry or fine clothes—⁠ 4 but the inner person of the heart, the lasting beauty of a gentle and tranquil spirit, which is precious in God’s sight. 5 For in the same way the holy women who hoped in God long ago adorned themselves by being subject to their husbands, 6 like Sarah who obeyed Abraham, calling him lord. You become her children when you do what is good and have no fear in doing so. 7 Husbands, in the same way, treat your wives with consideration as the weaker partners and show them honor as fellow heirs of the grace of life. In this way nothing will hinder your prayers. 8 Finally, all of you be harmonious, sympathetic, affectionate, compassionate, and humble. 9 Do not return evil for evil or insult for insult, but instead bless others because you were called to inherit a blessing.⁠ 10 For the one who wants to love life and see good days must keep his tongue from evil and his lips from uttering deceit. 11 And he must turn away from evil and do good; he must seek peace and pursue it.⁠ 12 For the eyes of the Lord are upon the righteous and his ears are open to their prayer. But the Lord’s face is against those who do evil. 13 For who is going to harm you if you are devoted to what is good? 14 But in fact, if you happen to suffer for doing what is right, you are blessed. But do not be terrified of them or be shaken.⁠ 15 But set Christ apart as Lord in your hearts and always be ready to give an answer to anyone who asks about the hope you possess.⁠ 16 Yet do it with courtesy and respect, keeping a good conscience, so that those who slander your good conduct in Christ may be put to shame when they accuse you. 17 For it is better to suffer for doing good, if God wills it, than for doing evil. 18 Because Christ also suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust,⁠ to bring you to God, by being put to death in the flesh but by being made alive in the spirit.⁠ 19 In it he went and preached to the spirits in prison,⁠ 20 after they were disobedient long ago when God patiently waited in the days of Noah as an ark was being constructed. In the ark a few, that is eight souls, were delivered through water.⁠ 21 And this prefigured baptism, which now saves you—not the washing off of physical dirt but the pledge of a good conscience to God—through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, 22 who went into heaven and is at the right hand of God with angels and authorities and powers subject to him.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Peter 3:11 and Pirkei Avot 1:12

New Testament · Rabbinic

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Summary

1 Peter and Rabbinic tradition in Pirkei Avot reflect Jewish traditions that emphasize the requirement to pursue peace. Drawing on the Hebrew Bible, both describe how peace is not achieved passively but through deliberate action.

Passages

1 Peter 3:11

New Testament
10 For the one who wants to love life and see good days must keep his tongue from evil and his lips from uttering deceit. 11 And he must turn away from evil and do good; he must seek peace and pursue it. 12 For the eyes of the Lord are upon the righteous and his ears are open to their prayer. But the Lord’s face is against those who do evil.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

Pirkei Avot 1:12

Rabbinic · Mishnah
11 Abtalion used to say: Sages, be careful with your words, or you may incur the penalty of exile and be carried off to a place of evil waters, and the disciples who follow you will drink and die, and thus the name of Heaven will be profaned. 12 Hillel and Shammai received the oral tradition from them. Hillel used to say: be of the disciples of Aaron, loving peace and pursuing peace, loving mankind and drawing them close to the Torah. 13 He also used to say: one who makes his name great causes his name to be destroyed; one who does not add to his knowledge causes it to cease; one who does not study the Torah deserves death; and one who makes unworthy use of the crown of learning will pass away.
190–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Pirkei Avot

References

"... Besides the passages quoted directly from the Hebrew Bible, Hebrews includes a large number of allusions to certain stories or expressions, such as “consuming fire” (Hebrews 12:29, compare Deuteronomy 4:24); or “pursue peace with everyone” (Hebrews 12:14, compare Psalm 34:15), etc ... (The injunction “pursue peace” is a common motif of Old Testament and of later Jewish paraenesis. See Psalm 34:15; Testament of Simeon 5:2; Pirkei Avot 1:12; Matthew 5:9; 1 Peter 3:11, which cites Psalm 34:15 ...) ..."
Elke Tönges, “The Epistle to the Hebrews as a ‘Jesus-Midrash’,” in Hebrews: Contemporary Methods, New Insights, ed. Gabriella Gelardini, BibInt 75 (Leiden: Brill, 2005), 89–105.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Peter 3:11 and Pirkei Avot 1:12

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