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1 Enoch

About this book
Chapter 62

1 The Lord commanded the kings, the mighty, the exalted, and those who dwell on the earth, saying: 'Open your eyes and lift up your horns if you are able to recognize the Chosen One.'⁠ 2 The Lord of Spirits seated him on the throne of His glory,⁠ and the spirit of righteousness was poured out upon him. The words from his mouth slay all sinners, and all the unrighteous are destroyed from his presence.⁠ 3 On that day, all the kings, the mighty, the exalted, and those who hold the earth will stand, and they shall see and recognize how he sits on the throne of his glory, and how righteousness is judged before him, and no false word is spoken before him.⁠ 4 Pain will come upon them as upon a woman in childbirth,⁠ when her child enters the birth canal, and she feels the agony of delivery.⁠ 5 One group will look at another in terror, their faces will fall, and pain will seize them when they see the Son of Man sitting on the throne of his glory.⁠ 6 The kings, the mighty, and all who possess the earth shall bless, glorify, and exalt him who reigns over all, who was hidden. 7 From the beginning, the Son of Man was hidden, and the Most High preserved him in the presence of His power, and revealed him to the chosen. 8 The congregation of the chosen and holy shall be sown, and all the chosen shall stand before him on that day.⁠ 9 All the kings, the mighty, the exalted, and those who rule the earth will fall down before him on their faces, worship him, place their hopes in the Son of Man,⁠ and ask for mercy from him. 10 Yet the Lord of Spirits will compel them to leave His presence quickly, their faces filled with shame, and darkness will deepen upon their faces. 11 He will deliver them to the angels for punishment, to exact vengeance on them for oppressing His children and His chosen. 12 They will be a spectacle for the righteous and for His chosen: they will rejoice over them, because the anger of the Lord of Spirits rests upon them, and His sword is drunk with their blood. 13 The righteous and chosen will be saved on that day, and they will never again see the face of the sinners and unrighteous. 14 The Lord of Spirits will remain over them, and with the Son of Man, they will eat, lie down, and rise up forever and ever.⁠ 15 The righteous and chosen will rise from the earth, and no longer wear downcast expressions. They will be clothed in garments of glory. 16 These are the garments of life from the Lord of Spirits: your garments will not wear out, nor will your glory fade in the presence of the Lord of Spirits.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 62:2 and Revelation 1:16

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation describes a sharp sword coming from the mouth of the Son of Man, an image that echoes 1 Enoch 62 where judgment is executed by the words of the Chosen One. Both texts adapt language based on Isaiah.

Passages

1 Enoch 62:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 The Lord commanded the kings, the mighty, the exalted, and those who dwell on the earth, saying: 'Open your eyes and lift up your horns if you are able to recognize the Chosen One.' 2 The Lord of Spirits seated him on the throne of His glory, and the spirit of righteousness was poured out upon him. The words from his mouth slay all sinners, and all the unrighteous are destroyed from his presence. 3 On that day, all the kings, the mighty, the exalted, and those who hold the earth will stand, and they shall see and recognize how he sits on the throne of his glory, and how righteousness is judged before him, and no false word is spoken before him. 4 Pain will come upon them as upon a woman in childbirth, when her child enters the birth canal, and she feels the agony of delivery.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Revelation 1:16

New Testament
13 and in the midst of the lampstands was one like a son of man. He was dressed in a robe extending down to his feet, and he wore a wide golden belt around his chest. 14 His head and hair were as white as wool, even as white as snow, and his eyes were like a fiery flame. 15 His feet were like polished bronze refined in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar of many waters. 16 He held seven stars in his right hand, and a sharp double-edged sword extended out of his mouth. His face shone like the sun shining at full strength. 17 When I saw him I fell down at his feet as though I were dead, but he placed his right hand on me and said: “Do not be afraid! I am the first and the last, 18 and the one who lives! I was dead, but look, now I am alive—forever and ever—and I hold the keys of death and of Hades!
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... The Book of Revelation contains a similar view of the Son of Man as portrayed in the Parables of Enoch. The sharp double-edged sword coming from the mouth of the Son of Man in Revelation (Revelation 1:16; 2:12, 16; 19:15, 21) is similar to the act of judging that the Son of Man in the Parables of Enoch does through his speech (1 Enoch 62:2). In Revelation, Jesus is called Christ (“Messiah”, “Anointed One”) in Revelation 1:5; 5:5. The Son of Man in Revelation and in the Parables of Enoch takes part in judgment (1 Enoch 69:27; Revelation 14:14-16) and sits on God’s throne (1 Enoch 45:3; 61:8; 62:2; Revelation 3:21). Both are preexistent: Jesus is “the First and the Last” (Revelation 1:17; 2:8; 22:13). Just as the righteous in the Parables of Enoch dwell with the Son of Man (1 Enoch 62:14), Jesus is present among the seven golden lampstands which indicates his presence with the seven churches (Revelation 1:12, 20). In both Revelation and the Parables of Enoch, the physical appearance of the Son of Man is related to angels. The Parables of Enoch say that “his face was full of graciousness like one of the holy angels (1 Enoch 46:1). Revelation describes Jesus in terms of the angel in Daniel 10:5-6 ..."
Dennis Linscomb, Second Temple Judaism's Influence on the New Testament and Its Impact on Biblical Inspiration and Progressive Revelation (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 2020), 11.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 62:2 and Revelation 1:16

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