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About this book

1 Enoch

About this book

A Final Book by Enoch

Chapter 108

1 Another book which Enoch wrote for his son Methuselah and for those who will come after him, and keep the law in the last days. 2 You who have done good will wait for those days until an end is made of those who do evil and the power of the wrongdoers comes to an end. 3 You, however, wait until sin passes away; for their names will be erased from the book of life and from the books of the holy ones,⁠ and their offspring will be destroyed forever, and their spirits will be slain, and they will cry and lament in a place that is a chaotic wilderness, and they will burn in the fire; for there is no earth there.⁠ 4 I saw there something like an invisible cloud; because of its depth I could not look over it, and I saw a flame of fire blazing brightly, and things like shining mountains circling and sweeping to and fro. 5 I asked one of the holy angels who was with me and said to him: 'What is this shining thing? For it is not a heaven but only the flame of a blazing fire, and the voice of weeping, crying, and strong pain.'⁠ 6 He said to me: 'This place which you see is where the spirits of sinners and blasphemers are cast, and of those who do wickedness, and of those who pervert everything that the Lord has spoken through the mouth of the prophets, the things that will be. 7 For some of these things are written and inscribed above in heaven, so that the angels may read them and know what will happen to the sinners, and to the spirits of the humble, and of those who have afflicted their bodies and been rewarded by God, and of those who have been put to shame by wicked men. 8 They loved God and loved neither gold nor silver nor any of the good things in the world,⁠ but gave over their bodies to torture.⁠ 9 Since they came into being, they did not long after earthly food, but regarded everything as a passing breath, and lived accordingly,⁠ and the Lord tested them greatly, and their spirits were found pure, so that they should bless His name.⁠ 10 All the blessings destined for them I have recounted in the books. And He has assigned them their reward, because they were found to be such as loved heaven more than their life in the world,⁠ and though they were trampled underfoot by wicked men, and experienced abuse and reviling from them and were put to shame, yet they blessed Me. 11 And now I will summon the spirits of the good who belong to the generation of light, and I will transform those who were born in darkness, who in the flesh were not rewarded with the honor their faithfulness deserved. 12 I will bring out in shining light those who have loved My holy name, and I will seat each one on the throne of his honor.⁠ 13 They will shine for times without number, for righteousness is the judgment of God; for to the faithful He will give faithfulness in the dwelling of upright paths. 14 They will see those who were born in darkness led into darkness,⁠ while the righteous will shine brightly. 15 The sinners will cry aloud and see them shining, and they will indeed go where days and seasons are prescribed for them.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 108:3 and 1 Peter 1:23

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · New Testament

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Summary

In 1 Peter, believers are born again through a seed that cannot perish, echoing 1 Enoch 108 where the seed of the unrighteous lose their place and their names are erased. Both use family and honor to highlight what endures compared to what does not.

Passages

1 Enoch 108:3

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 Another book which Enoch wrote for his son Methuselah and for those who will come after him, and keep the law in the last days. 2 You who have done good will wait for those days until an end is made of those who do evil and the power of the wrongdoers comes to an end. 3 You, however, wait until sin passes away; for their names will be erased from the book of life and from the books of the holy ones, and their offspring will be destroyed forever, and their spirits will be slain, and they will cry and lament in a place that is a chaotic wilderness, and they will burn in the fire; for there is no earth there. 4 I saw there something like an invisible cloud; because of its depth I could not look over it, and I saw a flame of fire blazing brightly, and things like shining mountains circling and sweeping to and fro.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

1 Peter 1:23

New Testament
21 Through him you now trust in God, who raised him from the dead and gave him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God. 22 You have purified your souls by obeying the truth in order to show sincere mutual love. So love one another earnestly from a pure heart. 23 You have been born anew, not from perishable but from imperishable seed, through the living and enduring word of God. 24 For all flesh is like grass and all its glory like the flower of the grass; the grass withers and the flower falls off, 25 but the word of the Lord endures forever. And this is the word that was proclaimed to you.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

References

"... In the Preaching View, [each] respectively refer to (a) Noah’s contemporary unbelievers, (b) a place where those people are kept for the final judgment, (c) going from heaven to Noah and (d) repentance. In the Triumph View, on the other hand, they are (a) fallen angels in Noah’s days, (b) a place where those angels are kept for the final judgment, (c) going to the place and (d) Christ’s victory. Some commentators argue that “pneuma” in the New Testament absolutely refers to angels, especially if there are no modifying elements. In addition, since the exegesis of 1 Peter cannot stand now without consulting 1 Enoch, the Triumph View seems to prevail. Witherington summarizes, “For our purposes here we note that it is ... part of 1 Enoch, which includes 1 Enoch 6–11; 64–69; 106–108 that is almost exclusively being drawn on in 1 Peter.” As to “fulakhv,” the Triumph View presents clear ideas. Quoting from 1 Enoch 17-18, France says that the place of the fallen angels is in “the furthest west, where heaven and earth join ..."
Hirokatsu Yoshihara, “A Study of 1 Peter 3:18b-20a and 4:6: A Response to the Notion of Christ’s Postmortem Evangelism to the Un-Evangelized, a View Recently Advocated in Japan,” Asian Journal of Pentecostal Studies 20.2 (2017): 183–197.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 108:3 and 1 Peter 1:23

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