Texts in Conversation
The Gospel of Philip turns Genesis' creation of Eve from Adam into an explanation of how death began through separation. Jesus repairs that division by joining the two again, making the creation story a reason why salvation requires a lasting union.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Genesis 2:22
Hebrew Bible
21 So the Lord God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep, and while he was asleep, he took part of the man’s side and closed up the place with flesh. 22 Then the Lord God made a woman from the part he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man. 23 Then the man said, “This one at last is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; this one will be called ‘woman,’ for she was taken out of man.” 24 That is why a man leaves his father and mother and unites with his wife, and they become one family. 25 The man and his wife were both naked, but they were not ashamed.
Gospel of Philip 9:16
Nag Hammadi
If the female had not separated from the male, she would not have died together with the male. His separation was the beginning of death. Consequently, Christ came, in order that the separation that took place in the beginning could be cured. He will join them both together again, and those who died in the separation, he will grant them life, and he will unite them, and the woman will unite with her husband in the bridal chamber, and those who have united in the bridal chamber will be separated no longer. Eve separated from Adam because it was not in the bridal chamber that she united with him. It was from a breath that Adam’s life began. Its companion was the Spirit. What was granted to him was his Mother.
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Notes and References
“... Secondly, the imagery also clearly evokes the creation of Eve from Adam’s rib in LXX Genesis 2:21–22: “And God cast a trance upon Adam, and he slept, and he took one of his ribs (πλευρά) and filled up the flesh in its place. And the rib (πλευρά) that he had taken from Adam the Lord God fashioned into a woman and brought her to Adam.”55 This double allusion is made possible in Interp. Know. by virtue of the fact that it is by means of Christ’s self-sacrifice on the Cross that the deficient Adamic covenant can be replaced with a new divine edict, for it is through the spear-wound in Christ’s side that the primal androgyne is restored when the soul enters into it. We find a strikingly similar soteriological scheme in the Gospel of Philip. [...] According to Gos. Phil. 68.22–26, “When Eve was still in Adam death did not exist. When she was separated from him death came into being. If he enters again and attains his former self, death will be no more.”57 Similarly in 70.9–12, “If the woman had not separated from the man, she should not die with the man. His separation became the beginning of death.”58 However, “Because of this Christ came to repair the separation which was from the beginning and again unite the two, and to give life to those who died as a result of the separation and unite them.” 59 By separating the primal androgyne into male and female, Adam and Eve, death came into the world. The redemptive work of Christ is to restore this androgynous state and thereby give eternal life. ...”
Twigg, Matthew
The Temple-Mystical Background to a Valentinian Saying of the Saviour: The Interpretation of Knowledge (NHC XI, 1) 10.18–38
(pp. 49-50) Correspondences, 2013
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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