Texts in Conversation

Exodus 19 uses a ruler's language of treasured possession from the Ugaritic letter KTU 2.39 for Israel's bond with God, making this valued position depend on loyalty to the divine king.
Share:
2500 BCE
1000+ CE

KTU 2.39:12

Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
Message of the Sun. To Ammurapi say: With the Sun everything is very well. To the f[eet] of the [l]ord, the Sun, [his] lo[rd], his [ser]vant […] for he is [a servant], his treasured possession, and [his master] […] and […] my lord shall not lack. And [you], you surely [k]now: now […] to the Sun, your lord, [a ser]vant, his treasured possession, are you. Now […] the Sun, your lord, you surely know it. To me, the Sun, your lord, for a year, two years, why have you not come? And as for the tablet about food that you sent to the Sun, your lord: that food in your land there is none, the Sun […] If I go […] I have given […] two […] and […] […] […] […] with […] food […] […] And the letter […] [to] me […] wherever there is any, seek it out and give it to me.
Date: 1350 - 1185 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Exodus 19:5

Hebrew Bible
2 After they journeyed from Rephidim, they came to the desert of Sinai, and they camped in the desert; Israel camped there in front of the mountain. 3 Moses went up to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain, “Thus you will tell the house of Jacob, and declare to the people of Israel: 4 ‘You yourselves have seen what I did to Egypt and how I lifted you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself. 5 And now, if you will diligently listen to me and keep my covenant, then you will be my special possession out of all the nations, for all the earth is mine, 6 and you will be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you will speak to the Israelites.”
Date: 5th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
Search:

Notes and References

#6792
“... Yhwh has chosen Israel to be for Him aעם סגלה .The wordסגלהoccurs only eight times in the Old Testament, six of which refer to the people of Israel (Exod. 19:5; Deut. 7:6; 14:2; 26:18; Ps. 135:4; Mal. 3:17). The other two texts make clear that the word denotes possessions. In 1Chr. 29:3, David says that in addi- tion to all that he has already provided for the temple, he wants to give even more:יש לי סגלה זהב וכסף .In Qoh. 2:8, Qoheleth says that he gathered for him- self silver and gold andסגלהof kings and of the provinces. In these two texts, סגלהis a property with two characteristics. First, it is a personal property (cf.לי in both texts).271 Second, it is a precious property. In both texts, it is mentioned together with silver and gold, and its context makes clear that it is something valuable.272 ...” “... In a metaphorical sense,סגלה “ ,personal, precious property”, is applied to the people of Israel. In Deut. 7:6, the element of personal property is evident from the wordsלהיות לו (cf. Ps. 135:4, whereלסגלתוandלוare paralleled). The element of preciousness is reflected in Deut. 26:19, where a formulation similar to Deut. 7:6 is continued by Yhwh’s promise that He will set Israel high above all nations, in praise, in fame, and in honour. The metaphorical meaning ofסגלהalso occurs in Ugarit and Mesopotamia. In Ugarit, the word sglt is used in a letter from the Hittite king to the king of Ugarit (ktu 2.39).273 The Hittite king, Suppiluliuma ii (1205–1175 b.c.),274 blames his vassal Ammurapi (1205–1175 b.c.) that he has not come to him for two years now, as was prescribed in earlier treaties, and that he has failed to fulfill certain obligations. Because the text has not been preserved in its entirety, several elements from the letter are debated. The lines that contain the word sglt, however, are fairly clear.275 ...”
Versluis, Arie The Command to Exterminate the Canaanites: Deuteronomy 7 (p. 81–82) Brill, 2017

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

Your Feedback:

Leave a Comment

Do you have questions or comments about these texts? Please submit them here.

Anonymous comments are welcome. All comments are subject to moderation.

User Comments

,

Find Similar Texts

Search by the same Books

Search by the same Reference

Compare the same Books

Compare the same Text Groups

Go to Intertext