Texts in Conversation
Zechariah 14 gives Jerusalem the waters associated with El's home in the Baal Cycle, placing the city at the center of God's rule over the earth.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
KTU 1.2 III:4
Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
[…] […] [Caphtor] is far, [O gods], [Memphis] [is far], [O deities: two layers beneath the springs of the earth, three spans beneath the caverns.] [Then] he sets his face towards El at the source of the [rivers], [amid the channels of the two deeps]. [He enters] the tent of El and comes into the [pavilion] of the King, [the Father of the Bright One]. [At the feet of El] [he bows] and falls, he bows down and honours [him]. [Then] […] […] Kothar-wa-[Hasis], depart! Build the house of Yamm, [raise] the palace of Ruler [Nahar] […] [Nahar] in the midst of […]. Kothar-wa-[Hasis] departs […] build the house of Prince Yamm, […] the palace [of] [Ruler] Nahar in the midst of […] [Quickly] his [house] shall be built, [quickly] [his palace] shall be raised. [A thousand fields] the house shall take,
Zechariah 14:8
Hebrew Bible
6 On that day there will be no light—the sources of light in the heavens will congeal. 7 It will happen in one day—a day known to the Lord—not in the day or the night, but in the evening there will be light. 8 Moreover, on that day living waters will flow out from Jerusalem, half of them to the eastern sea and half of them to the western sea; it will happen both in summer and in winter. 9 The Lord will then be king over all the earth. In that day the Lord will be seen as one with a single name.
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Notes and References
“... Moreover, the description of Yahweh’s
dwelling-place as a “tent” (’o¯hel) (e.g., Psalms 15:1; 27:6; 91:10; 132:3), called in
the Pentateuchal traditions the “tent of meeting” (’ohel moˆ‘e¯d) (Exodus 33:7–11;
Numbers 12:5, 10; Deuteronomy 31:14, 15), recalls the tent of El. The tabernacle
of Yahweh has qeˇra¯sˇıˆm, usually understood as “boards” (Exodus 26–40); Numbers
3:36; 4:31), whereas the dwelling of El is called qrsˇ, perhaps “tabernacle” or “pa-
vilion” (CAT 1.2 III 5; 1.3 V 8; 1.4 IV 24; 1.17 V 49). Furthermore, the dwelling
of El is set amid the cosmic waters (CAT 1.2 III 4; 1.3 V 6; 1.4 IV 20–22; 1.17
V 47–48), a theme evoked in descriptions of Yahweh’s abode in Jerusalem (Psalms
47:5; 87; Isaiah 33:20–22; Ezekiel 47:1–12; Joel 4:18; Zechariah 14:8). ...”
Smith, Mark S.
The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel’s Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts
(p. 142) Oxford University Press, 2001
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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