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The Gospel of Philip calls this world winter and says it is fitting not to pray in winter, saving prayer for the age to come. Jesus in the Gospel of Thomas sets no such season and simply condemns anyone who prays.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Gospel of Thomas 1:14
Nag Hammadi
13 Jesus said to his disciples, “Compare me and tell me whom I am like.” Simon Peter said to him, “You are like a righteous messenger.” Matthew said to him, “You are like a wise philosopher.” Thomas said to him, “Teacher, my mouth is utterly unable to say whom you are like.” Jesus said, “I am not your teacher. Because you have drunk, you have become intoxicated from the bubbling spring I have measured out.” And he took him and withdrew and spoke three sayings to him. When Thomas returned to his companions, they asked him, “What did Jesus say to you?” Thomas said to them, “If I tell you even one of the sayings he spoke to me, you will pick up stones and throw them at me, and fire will come out of the stones and burn you up.” 14 Jesus said to them, “If you fast, you will bring sin upon yourselves; if you pray, you will be condemned; if you give alms, you will do harm to your spirits. When you go into any land and travel about in the countryside, if they receive you, eat what they set before you and heal the sick among them. For what goes into your mouth will not defile you; rather, what comes out of your mouth is what will defile you.” 15 Jesus said, “When you see one who was not born of woman, fall on your faces and worship him; that one is your Father.”
Gospel of Philip 1:20
Nag Hammadi
Those who sow in winter will reap in summer. The winter is the world, the summer is the other age. Let us sow in the world in order for us to be able to reap in summer. Consequently, it is fitting that we do not pray in winter.
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Notes and References
“... 14.2 And if you pray, you will be condemned. This is a similarly stark, and remarkable, statement. The mentions of prayer in Thomas are more mixed than is the case with fasting, however: in addition to the relativising in GTh 6 and ambiguity of 104, GTh 73 is quite different: ‘Ask the lord to send workers out into the harvest’ (cf. Matt. 9.38/ Lk. 10.2). It seems likely, however, that GTh 14.2 marks a departure from this traditional stance. Loader notes the possibility that it is only particular forms of prayer which are rejected, but Thomas appears to be saying something stronger than this. There are parallels to such a negative view, as in Prodicus and the Gospel of Philip; the latter radically redefines prayer, by saying that it is not something appropriate in this world, but belongs instead—presumably in a completely reconceptualised form—to ‘the other aeon’. It may well be that Thomas shares a similar view. This will be explored further later under GTh 104 (and see Introduction, § 10.3, above), but at the moment it is sufficient to note the uncompromising stand against prayer in anything like its traditional form. ...”
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