“... Psalm 53 is a twin of Psalm 14, but it is not an identical twin. When compared side-by-side, two differences are apparent. The first is that Psalm 53 uses the term Elohim instead of the divine name. This is a characteristic of the Elohistic Psalter and demonstrates that the psalm was used in two different collections probably from two different geographical areas. The second difference is that the lines 5b, c, d, and e deviate significantly from Psalm 14’s 5b, 6a, and 6b. These differences confirm that psalms were adapted for different circumstances and for use in different communities, and as such, they should be treated separately, instead of one as a redacted or corrupted version of the other. ...”

“... Psalm 42 marks the beginning of what is commonly known as the Elohistic Psalter (Psalms 42–83), so named because of its somewhat distinct use of the divine name. In the Hebrew Psalter, the name most frequently used for God is the tetragrammaton YHWH (translated in English Bibles as “LORD”). But in Psalms 42–83, the name used most frequently is Elohim (ʾelōhîm, translated in English Bibles as “God”). The difference in the preferred name for God in these psalms suggests that the Elohistic Psalter was a discrete collection of psalms that was incorporated into the Hebrew Psalter. [...] Textual evidence indicates a sharing of material between the psalms included in the Elohistic Psalter and psalms found elsewhere in the Psalter. Examples include: • Psalm 53, “a Maskil of David,” is almost identical to Psalm 14. The only difference between them is that wherever the name YHWH (LORD) occurs in Psalm 14 (vss. 2, 4, 6, and 7), the reader finds Elohim in Psalm 53. ...”