Texts in Conversation
Psalm 10 answers the wicked's claim that God doesn't notice suffering by calling him the one who defends the fatherless, the very duty Deuteronomy places on God himself. The psalmist's trust is described as a legal claim.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Deuteronomy 10:18
Hebrew Bible
17 For the Lord your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God who is unbiased and takes no bribe, 18 who justly treats the orphan and widow, and who loves resident foreigners, giving them food and clothing. 19 So you must love the resident foreigner because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
Psalm 10:14
Hebrew Bible
11 He says to himself, “God overlooks it; he does not pay attention; he never notices.” 12 Rise up, Lord! O God, strike him down. Do not forget the oppressed. 13 Why does the wicked man reject God? He says to himself, “You will not hold me accountable.” 14 You have taken notice, for you always see one who inflicts pain and suffering. The unfortunate victim entrusts his cause to you; you deliver the fatherless.
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Notes and References
“... Yahweh's fatherly care is extended to those who are bereft of the security and the sense of belonging that families provide. Hosea 14:4b (Eng 14:3b) adds to the tender picture by affirming that in Yahweh orphans find compassion. Various hymns were sung to describe how Yahweh is “father of the fatherless” and “the helper of the fatherless” (Ps 10:14; 68:6 [Eng 68:5]). The orphan, along with the widow and the gēr (the non-Israelite resident or “client”), typified the powerless in ancient Israel (Exod 22:21–24; Deut 10:18 etc.). Prophets describe the abuse of these individuals by those in power (e.g., Jer 7:6; Isa 1:17, 10:2; Mal 3:5). Yahweh provides protection, justice, food, and clothing to these disadvantaged segments of society (e.g., Deut 10:18; Ps 68:6 [Eng 68:5]; cf. Ps 146:9; Prov 15:25; 23:10b–11). Such concern about the marginalized was a widespread motif used of father figures (especially deities and monarchs) throughout ancient Near Eastern literature. ...”
Lewis, Theodore J.
The Origin and Character of God: Ancient Israelite Religion through the Lens of Divinity
(p. 482) Oxford University Press, 2020
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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