Texts in Conversation

The Wisdom of Solomon portrays God as merciful to all and detesting nothing he has made, an early expression of divine love for the whole human race. Titus echoes that universal language as the appearing of God’s grace for all people.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

Wisdom of Solomon 11:23

Deuterocanon
22 Because the whole world before you is as a grain in a balance, and as a drop of dew that comes down upon the earth in the morning. 23 But you have mercy on all men, because you have power to do all things, and you overlook the sins of men so that they may repent. 24 For you love all things that are, and abhor none of the things which you made; for you never would have formed anything if you hated it. 25 How would anything have endured unless you had willed it? Or that which was not called by you, how would it have been preserved? 26 But you spare all things, because they are yours, O Sovereign Lord, you who love the living.
Date: 100-50 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Titus 2:11

New Testament
10 not pilfering, but showing all good faith, in order to bring credit to the teaching of God our Savior in everything. 11 For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all people. 12 It trains us to reject godless ways and worldly desires and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age,
Date: 65 C.E. (If authentic), 90-100 C.E. (If anonymous) (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#5652
... χρηστότης, “goodness, kindness, uprightness, generosity” (BAGD 886; Knight, Faithful Sayings, 86), can mean human kindness (2 Corinthians 6:6; Galatians 5:22; Colossians 3:12), but more often the word refers to the goodness of God toward people (Romans 2:4; 9:23 variant; 11:22; Ephesians 2:7), especially in the secular literature (K. Weiss, TDNT 9:489–91). It therefore forms a natural association with φιλανθρωπία, “philanthropy,” which maintains its etymological meaning, a “love for people” (compare Acts 28:2; cognate in Acts 27:3; compare U. Luck, TDNT 9:111–12; Quinn, 214–15). Spicq shows how the word was used in Hellenistic thought of the love shown to people by the gods or kings. ... When God is the subject, it speaks of his love for people in general. ... ἐπιφαίνειν, “to appear,” is always used in the New Testament of Jesus’ appearing (compare Titus 2:11), so Paul probably sees Jesus as the embodiment of God the Father’s goodness and philanthropy. ...
Mounce, William D. Word Biblical Commentary: Pastoral Epistles (pp. 1357-1358) Zondervan, 2009

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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