Texts in Conversation

Isaiah 24 presents a complete description of devastation. The Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan adds a specific charge against political and religious leaders, accusing them of not following the Torah.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

Isaiah 24:1

Hebrew Bible
1 Look, the Lord is ready to devastate the earth and leave it in ruins; he will mar its surface and scatter its inhabitants. 2 Everyone will suffer—the priest as well as the people, the master as well as the servant, the elegant lady as well as the female attendant, the seller as well as the buyer, the borrower as well as the lender, the creditor as well as the debtor. 3 The earth will be completely devastated and thoroughly ransacked. For the Lord has decreed this judgment.
Date: 7th-5th Centuries B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Jonathan Isaiah 24:1

Targum
1 The LORD will plunder the land and hand it over to the enemy; and confusion will cover the faces of the princes, because they have transgressed the Torah, and He will scatter its inhabitants. 2 And it will be the same for the laity as for the priest, for the servant as for his master, for the maidservant as for her mistress, for the buyer as for the seller, for the borrower as for the lender, for the one who pays interest as for the one who charges it. 3 The land will be utterly destroyed and utterly trampled underfoot, for the LORD has spoken this word.
Date: 200-300 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#4665
"... The desolation which is to come from God is particularly directed against “princes because they transgressed the law” (verse 1); in view of chapters 22 and 23, the Temple hierarchy is at issue. The specific charge in verse 5, that they have “annulled the feasts,” has the same group in view. (A charge involving reference to “deceit” [verse 6] is also leveled against community leaders in 5:23) From verse 13, however, there is a radical shift in emphasis: all the ills that are to occur happen in order to leave “the righteous” alone ..."
Chilton, Bruce D. The Isaiah Targum (p. 47) M. Glazier, 1987

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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