"... The clothing metaphor itself is, of course, not Hermas’s creation. It became particularly prominent among the philosophers, mystery cults, gnostic sources, and Jewish and other Christian literature of our period. In fact, the metaphor’s ubiquity makes it virtually impossible to determine its origins. It appeared, for example, among the earliest Greek authors and even before that in Sumerian sources too. We find it scattered throughout Jewish scripture; non-Pauline literature ultimately included in the New Testament also attests it ... Like so many authors before them, both the apostle and his pseudepigraphers frequently use the metaphor throughout their letters, but they do so in telling ways. Using forms of ἐνδύειν and its compound ἐπενδύειν, they deploy it to describe putting on Christ in baptism (Rom 13:14, Gal 3:27); the imperishable resurrection body (1 Cor 15:49–54; 2 Cor 5:1–4); various virtues (Colossians 3:12); spiritual armor (Romans 13:12, Ephesians 6:11, 14, and 1 Thessalonians 5:8); and a new person (Ephesians 4:22–24, Colossians 3:9–10) ..."