Texts in Conversation
1 Peter echoes the Wisdom of Solomon, which describes God as a ruler whose power is shown by caring for people. In Wisdom, strength and justice are connected with compassion, and 1 Peter uses this to teach humility and to trust God's care.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Wisdom of Solomon 12:13
Deuterocanon
12 For who will say, “What have you done?” Or “Who will withstand your judgment?” Who will accuse you for the perishing of nations which you made? Or who will come and stand before you as an avenger for unrighteous men? 13 For there isn’t any God beside you that cares for all, that you might show that you didn’t judge unrighteously. 14 No king or prince will be able to confront you about those whom you have punished. 15 But being righteous, you rule all things righteously, deeming it a thing alien from your power to condemn one who doesn’t deserve to be punished. 16 For your strength is the source of righteousness, and your sovereignty over all makes you forbear all.
Date: 50 BCE – 50 CE (based on scholarly estimates)
1 Peter 5:7
New Testament
5 In the same way, you who are younger, be subject to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. 6 And God will exalt you in due time, if you humble yourselves under his mighty hand 7 by casting all your cares on him because he cares for you. 8 Be sober and alert. Your enemy the devil, like a roaring lion, is on the prowl looking for someone to devour. 9 Resist him, strong in your faith, because you know that your brothers and sisters throughout the world are enduring the same kinds of suffering.
Date: 80–90 CE (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... A first proverb in 1 Peter occurs in 4:8, where Proverbs 10:12 appears to have been substantially reformulated. Most commentators would call it an allusion or an echo. The rendering is obviously very free, but still too apparent to ignore ... A second proverb occurs in 4:18, which follows Proverbs 11:31 rather closely ... A second proverb, 5:5, is an almost citation of Proverbs 3:34, with only the divine name differing ... Two proverbs from outside the book of Proverbs close the book. In 5:7 the writer merges a citation from Psalm 54:22 and Wisdom of Solomon 12:13 ..."
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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