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In 1 Peter the statement that God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble echoes Proverbs 3, one of several proverbs referenced in the letter. By drawing on Israel's wisdom tradition, 1 Peter connects its teaching to an authoritative tradition.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

LXX Proverbs 3:34

Septuagint
31 Do not bring on the reproaches of bad men, neither do you covet their ways. 32 For every transgressor is unclean before the Lord; neither does he sit among the righteous. 33 The curse of God is in the houses of the ungodly; but the habitations of the just are blessed. 34 The Lord resists the proud; but he gives grace to the humble. 35 The wise shall inherit glory; but the ungodly have exalted their own dishonor.
Date: 100–1 BCE (based on scholarly estimates)

1 Peter 5:5

New Testament
3 And do not lord it over those entrusted to you, but be examples to the flock. 4 Then when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that never fades away. 5 In the same way, you who are younger, be subject to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. 6 And God will exalt you in due time, if you humble yourselves under his mighty hand 7 by casting all your cares on him because he cares for you.
Date: 80–90 CE (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#1225
"... A first proverb in 1 Peter occurs in 4:8, where Proverbs 10:12 appears to have been substantially reformulated. Most commentators would call it an allusion or an echo. The rendering is obviously very free, but still too apparent to ignore ... A second proverb occurs in 4:18, which follows Proverbs 11:31 rather closely ... 4:17-18 as a whole illustrates that the way wisdom sayings are applied in 1 Peter, intertwine with eschatological motives. 4:18, without losing its sapiential flavour, has an eschatological touch to it. Verse 17 'For the time has come for judgment to begin with the household of God' may loosely allude to Ezekiel 9:5-6, where God commands concerning his judgment, 'Begin at my sanctuary! So they began with the elders who were in front of the house.' From there the argument proceeds: 'If it begins with us, what will be the end for those who do not obey the gospel of God?' and ends in the question charted above. Wisdom and admonishment are positioned here in view of God’s coming wrath, compare 2:12. A second proverb, 5:5, is an almost citation of Proverbs 3:34, with only the divine name differing. We can therefore suffice with one translation: 'God opposes the proud, but gives grace to the humble' ..."

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