Texts in Conversation
The Samaritan version of Exodus describes the golden incense altar right after the curtain that hides the ark, four chapters before Hebrew Exodus does. Hebrews 9 places that altar behind the curtain with the ark, perhaps following the Samaritan order.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Samaritan Exodus 26:35
Samaritan Penteteuch
Samaritan
31 And thou shalt make a veil of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen of cunning work: with cherubims shall it be made: 32 And thou shalt hang it upon four pillars of shittim wood overlaid with gold: their hooks shall be of gold, upon the four sockets of silver. 33 And thou shalt hang up the veil under the taches, that thou mayest bring in thither within the veil the ark of the testimony: and the veil shall divide unto you between the holy place and the most holy. 34 And thou shalt put the mercy seat upon the ark of the testimony in the most holy place. 35 And thou shalt set the table without the veil, and the candlestick over against the table on the side of the tabernacle toward the south: and thou shalt put the table on the north side. And thou shalt make an altar to burn incense upon: of shittim wood shalt thou make it. A cubit shall be the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof; foursquare shall it be: and two cubits shall be the height thereof: the horns thereof shall be of the same. And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, the top thereof, and the sides thereof round about, and the horns thereof; and thou shalt make unto it a crown of gold round about. And two golden rings shalt thou make to it under the crown of it, by the two corners thereof, upon the two sides of it shalt thou make it; and they shall be for places for the staves to bear it withal. And thou shalt make the staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold. And thou shalt put it before the veil that is by the ark of the testimony, where I shall appoint my name. And Aaron shall burn thereon sweet incense every morning: when he dresseth the lamps, he shall burn incense upon it.And when Aaron lighteth the lamps at even, he shall burn incense upon it, a perpetual incense before the LORD throughout your generations. Ye shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt sacrifice; neither shall ye pour drink offering thereon. And Aaron shall make an atonement upon the horns of it once in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the LORD.
Hebrews 9:4
New Testament
1 Now the first covenant, in fact, had regulations for worship and its earthly sanctuary. 2 For a tent was prepared, the outer one, which contained the lampstand, the table, and the presentation of the loaves; this is called the Holy Place. 3 And after the second curtain there was a tent called the holy of holies. 4 It contained the golden altar of incense and the ark of the covenant covered entirely with gold. In this ark were the golden urn containing the manna, Aaron’s rod that budded, and the stone tablets of the covenant. 5 And above the ark were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Now is not the time to speak of these things in detail.
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Notes and References
“... Auctor’s interest in the tabernacle instead of the temple could be said to reflect a Samaritan concern, since the Samaritans rejected the Jerusalem temple, and some Samaritan sources linked the tabernacle to Mt. Gerizim. Following a suggestion of P. Kahle, Scobie thinks that the apparent placing of the altar of incense inside the Holy of Holies in Heb. 9:3f. reflects a reading of the Samaritan pentateuch, in which Ex. 30:1–10 (the description of the incense altar) comes between Ex. 26:35 and 36 — ‘‘It follows immediately upon the description of the veil which separates off the Holy of Holies.’’ ...”
Hurst, L. D.
The Epistle to the Hebrews: Its Background of Thought
(p. 77) Cambridge University Press, 1990
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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