Psalm 26:2

Hebrew Bible
1 By David. Vindicate me, O Lord, for I have integrity, and I trust in the Lord without wavering. 2 Examine me, O Lord, and test me. Examine my kidneys and my heart3. 3 For I am ever aware of your faithfulness, and your loyalty continually motivates me. 4 I do not associate with deceitful men, or consort with those who are dishonest.
Date: 6th-3rd Centuries B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates) Source

Revelation 2:23

New Testament
21 I have given her time to repent, but she is not willing to repent of her sexual immorality. 22 Look! I am throwing her onto a bed of violent illness, and those who commit adultery with her into terrible suffering, unless they repent of her deeds. 23 Furthermore, I will strike her followers with a deadly disease, and then all the churches will know that I am the one who searches kidneys* and hearts. I will repay each one of you what your deeds deserve. 24 But to the rest of you in Thyatira, all who do not hold to this teaching (who have not learned the so-called “deep secrets of Satan”), to you I say: I do not put any additional burden on you. 25 However, hold on to what you have until I come.
Date: 92-96 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates) Source

Notes and References

"... thoughts ... Literally, reins [kidneys]. Compare Greek phrenes; Psalms 16:7; 73:21; Proverbs 23:16; Jeremiah 11:20; 17:11; 12:2; Revelation 2:23; Babylonian Talmud Berakhot 61a: 'Our Rabbis taught: Man has two kidneys, one of which prompts him to good, the other to evil'; 'The Holy One blessed be He made his [Abraham's] two kidneys serve like two teachers, and these welled forth truth and taught him wisdom.' ..."

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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