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Isaiah 51 calls on God to defeat the sea as in the past, naming the mythological creatures Rahab and the Dragon. Psalm 74 describes the same primordial battle, where God shattered the heads of Leviathan in the waters.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

Isaiah 51:9

Hebrew Bible
8 For a moth will eat away at them like clothes; a clothes moth will devour them like wool. But the vindication I provide will be permanent; the deliverance I give will last.” 9 Wake up! Wake up! Clothe yourself with strength, O arm of the Lord! Wake up as in former times, as in antiquity. Did you not smash Rahab?26 Did you not wound the sea monster? 10 Did you not dry up the sea, the waters of the great deep? Did you not make a path through the depths of the sea, so those delivered from bondage could cross over? 11 Those whom the Lord has ransomed will return; they will enter Zion with a happy shout. Unending joy will crown them, happiness and joy will overwhelm them; grief and suffering will disappear.
Date: 7th-5th Centuries B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Psalms 74:13

Hebrew Bible
12 But God has been my king from ancient times, performing acts of deliverance on the earth. 13 You destroyed the sea by your strength; you shattered the heads of the sea monster in the water. 14 You crushed the heads of Leviathan; you fed him to the people who live along the coast. 15 You broke open the spring and the stream; you dried up perpetually flowing rivers.
Date: 6th-3rd Centuries B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#5305
“... A war that God waged against a multitude of challengers—the deep, the sea, Rahab the sea monster, the rivers, Leviathan the Twisting Serpent, Leviathan the Elusive Serpent, and the sea dragons—is referred to in the psalms, the prophecies, and other writings. We find, for example, in Isaiah 51:9–10: “Awake, awake, clothe yourself with splendor. O arm of the Lord! Awake as in days of old, as in former ages! It was you that hacked Rahab into pieces, that pierced the Dragon. It was you that dried up the waters of the great deep [tehom].” The prophet pleads with God to repeat the great wonders of the past—God’s killing of Rahab and the sea dragon, God’s defeat of the sea and of the “great abyss.” We find the sea dragons also in a poet’s praise of God’s actions in Psalm 74: “It was You who drove back the sea with Your might, who smashed the heads of the dragons in the waters; it was You who crushed the heads of Leviathan, who left him as food for the denizens of the desert” (verses 13–14) ...”
Shinan, Avigdor and Yair Zakovitch From Gods to God: How the Bible Debunked, Suppressed, or Changed Ancient Myths and Legends (pp. 11-12) The Jewish Publication Society, 2012

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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