Isaiah 34:10

Hebrew Bible

7 Wild oxen will be slaughtered along with them, as well as strong bulls. Their land is drenched with blood, their soil is covered with fat. 8 For the Lord has planned a day of revenge, a time when he will repay Edom for her hostility toward Zion. 9 Edom’s streams will be turned into pitch and her soil into brimstone; her land will become burning pitch. 10 Night and day it will burn; its smoke will ascend continually. Generation after generation it will be a wasteland, and no one will ever pass through it again. 11 Owls and wild animals will live there, all kinds of wild birds will settle in it. The Lord will stretch out over her the measuring line of ruin and the plumb line of destruction.

Revelation 14:11

New Testament

9 A third angel followed the first two, declaring in a loud voice: “If anyone worships the beast and his image, and takes the mark on his forehead or his hand, 10 that person will also drink of the wine of God’s anger that has been mixed undiluted in the cup of his wrath, and he will be tortured with fire and sulfur in front of the holy angels and in front of the Lamb. 11 And the smoke from their torture will go up forever and ever, and those who worship the beast and his image will have no rest day or night, along with anyone who receives the mark of his name. 12 This requires the steadfast endurance of the saints—those who obey God’s commandments and hold to their faith in Jesus.

 Notes and References

"... “The smoke of their torment ascends forever.” The image here is based on the sight of a conquered city burning in the distance (Joshua 8:20; Judges 20:40; Revelation 18:9–10, 18). More specifically, there may be an allusion here to Isaiah 34:10, where it is said of Edom “its smoke shall go up for ever” (see Fekkes, Isaiah, 206–8). If so, the Hebrew text is probably in view, for the LXX lacks the Greek phrase “forever” corresponding to the Hebrew lĕʿōlām. In 20:10, it is said of the devil, the beast, and the false prophet that “they will be tormented day and night forever.” There is a close verbal parallel in 19:3, where the destruction of Babylon is in view: καὶ ὁ καπνὸς αὐτῆς ἀναβαίνει εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων, “her smoke ascends foreever,” Note that while the phrase εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων, “forever,” occurs twelve times in Revelation (1:6, 18; 4:9, 10; 5:13; 7:12; 10:6; 11:15; 15:7; 19:3; 20:10; 22:5) and seven times elsewhere in the NT (Galatians 1:5; Ephesians 3:21; Philippians 4:20; 1 Timothy 1:17; 2 Timothy 4:18; Hebrews 13:21; 1 Peter 4:11), the anarthrous phrase εἰς αἰῶνας αἰώνων, “forever,” occurs only here in the New Testament ..."

Aune, David Word Biblical Commentary: Revelation 6-16 (p. 980) Zondervan, 2017

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