“... A closer look at the references to Genesis 18 in 4Q180 2-4 ii suggests yet another possibility, namely that we have here a series of notes and comments which comment on the biblical text, and explain problematic issues in this text. 4Q180 2-4 ii 3-4 states: "The three men [who] appear[ed] to [Abraha]m at the Oaks of Mamre are angels". The clause does not de- scribe an angelic apparition, but presupposes the biblical text, and com- ments on the problem of the identity of the three men. Some of the prob- lems of Genesis 18 relate to the question of the plural and the singular forms, and as to whether one of the three men is perhaps God himself, and whether the "men" of Genesis 18 are the "angels" of Gen 1 9 : 1 . 4 40׳Q180 takes a clear stand: the three men are three angels. ...”