Exodus 16:3

Hebrew Bible

1 When they journeyed from Elim, the entire company of Israelites came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their exodus from the land of Egypt. 2 The entire company of Israelites murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. 3 The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the pots of meat, when we ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger! 4 Then the Lord said to Moses, “I am going to rain bread from heaven for you, and the people will go out and gather the amount for each day, so that I may test them. Will they walk in my law or not? 5 On the sixth day they will prepare what they bring in, and it will be twice as much as they gather every other day.” 6 Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites, “In the evening you will know that the Lord has brought you out of the land of Egypt,

Matthew 4:3

New Testament

1 Then Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. 2 After he fasted 40 days and 40 nights he was famished. 3 The tempter came and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become bread.” 4 But he answered, “It is written, ‘Man does not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’” 5 Then the devil took him to the holy city, had him stand on the highest point of the temple, 6 and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down. For it is written, ‘He will command his angels concerning you’ and ‘with their hands they will lift you up, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.’”

 Notes and References

"... The Gospel displays a striking Moses typology. It is especially strong in the infancy narrative and in the Sermon on the Mount, where Jesus sets his word over against things Moses said (5:21-48). Indeed, the Gospel begins by replaying the exodus:

  • Israel's deliverer is born (1:18-25, compare Exodus 2:1-2).
  • A wicked king sits upon the throne (2:1-15; compare Exodus 1:8-14).
  • That king slaughters Jewish infants (2:16; compare Exodus 1:15-22).
  • The hero's years after infancy go unrecounted.
  • He passes through the waters (3:13-17; compare Exodus 14:21-31).
  • He goes into the desert 4:1; compare Exodus 15:22).
  • He stays there for a period of time marked by forty units (4:2; Exodus 16:35).
  • Temptations comes in the form of hunger and idolatry. (4:3-4; Compare Exodus 16:2-8)
  • The deliverer goes up on a mountain (5:1; compare Exodus 19).
  • We learn the commandments. (5-7; compare Exodus 20-23)
..."

Allison, Dale C. "The Embodiment of God's Will" in Gaventa, Beverly Roberts, and Richard B. Hays (eds.) Seeking the Identity of Jesus: A Pilgrimage (pp. 117-132) William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2008

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