Texts in Conversation
Deuteronomy 18 forbids consulting mediums and necromancers. Isaiah 8 echoes that prohibition almost verbatim, condemning the same divinatory practices and warning against turning from God’s word.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Deuteronomy 18:10
Hebrew Bible
10 There must never be found among you anyone who sacrifices his son or daughter in the fire, anyone who practices divination, an omen reader, a soothsayer, a sorcerer, 11 one who casts spells, one who conjures up spirits, a practitioner of the occult, or a necromancer.
Isaiah 8:19
Hebrew Bible
19 They will say to you, “Seek oracles at the pits used to conjure up underworld spirits, from the magicians who chirp and mutter incantations. Should people not seek oracles from their gods, by asking the dead about the destiny of the living?” 20 Then you must recall the Lord’s instructions and the prophetic testimony of what would happen. Certainly they say such things because their minds are spiritually darkened.
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Notes and References
... The most noteworthy description of necromancy is found in the famous story of Saul’s consulting the "witch" of Endor in 1 Samuel 28:3-25. The location of the conjuring pit, the ʾōb, seems to have been inside the home of the baʿălat ʾōb. We suppose that the ʾōb inside the house was comparable to similar installations such as the pits or cisterns that were common in Iron Age Israelite houses. Although this text refers to an old tradition that provides insight into practices of divination by death spirits, it is dependent on the Deuteronomic pronouncements against necromancy. In following the Deuteronomistic guidelines, Chronicles also considered necromancy to be a punishable crime. King Asa’s consultation of the rĕpāʾîm in 2 Chronicles 16:12 actually led to his death. Prophetic polemics such as Isaiah 8:19-20 also alluded to Deuteronomy 18 ...
Albertz, Rainer and Rüdiger Schmitt
Family and Household Religion in Ancient Israel and the Levant
(p. 470) Eisenbrauns, 2012
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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