1 Enoch 5:4
Pseudepigrapha
3 And see how the sea and the rivers also fulfill their tasks unchangingly according to His commands. 4 But you have not remained faithful, nor have you obeyed the Lord's commandments. Instead, you have turned away and spoken arrogantly and harshly with your impure mouths against His greatness. Oh, you stubborn-hearted, you will find no peace. 5 Therefore, you will curse your own days, and the years of your life will vanish, and the years of your doom will increase in eternal condemnation, and you will find no mercy.
Date: 200-50 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Source
Mark 7:20
New Testament
19 He said, “What comes out of a person defiles him. 20 For from within, out of the human heart, come evil ideas, sexual immorality, theft, murder, 21 adultery, greed, evil, deceit, debauchery, envy, slander, pride, and folly. 22 All these evils come from within and defile a person.” 23 After Jesus left there, he went to the region of Tyre. When he went into a house, he did not want anyone to know, but he was not able to escape notice.
Date: 60-75 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Source
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Texts in Conversation
In the Gospel of Mark, defilement is said to come from within, tied to one's thoughts and speech. This perhaps echoes a literary and theological pattern found in 1 Enoch, which links impurity to both the mouth and the heart, portraying sinners as speaking arrogantly and having stubborn hearts.
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Notes and References
"... The juxtaposition of 'impure mouth' and 'hard of heart' in the next line is especially noteworthy, since the sinners' words are also said to be "hard." The connection may shed some light on the saying ascribed to Jesus in Mark 7:20-23. There, defilement is dissociated from food laws and is tied to the evils that come from the human heart. Mark could be drawing on a line of interpretation as old as the present text ..."
Nickelsburg, George W. E.
A Commentary on the Book of 1 Enoch Chapters 1-36, 81-108
(p. 158) Fortress Press, 2001
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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