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Zephaniah

About this book
Chapter 1

1 This is the Lord’s message that came to Zephaniah son of Cushi, son of Gedaliah, son of Amariah, son of Hezekiah during the time of Josiah son of Amon, king of Judah: 2 “I will sweep away everything from the face of the earth2,”⁠ says the Lord. 3 “I will destroy people and animals; I will destroy the birds in the sky and the fish in the sea.⁠ (The idolatrous images of these creatures will be destroyed along with evil people.) I will remove humanity from the face of the earth,” says the Lord. 4 “I will attack Judah and all who live in Jerusalem. I will remove from this place every trace of Baal worship, as well as the very memory of the pagan priests. 5 I will remove those who worship the stars in the sky from their rooftops,⁠ those who swear allegiance to the Lord while taking oaths in the name of their ‘king,’ 6 and those who turn their backs on the Lord and do not want the Lord’s help or guidance.” 7 Be silent before the Sovereign Lord, for the Lord’s day of judgment is almost here.⁠ The Lord has prepared a sacrificial meal;⁠ he has ritually purified his guests. 8 “On the day of the Lord’s sacrificial meal, I will punish the princes and the king’s sons, and all who wear foreign styles of clothing. 9 On that day I will punish all who leap over the threshold,⁠ who fill the house of their master with wealth taken by violence and deceit. 10 On that day,” says the Lord, “a loud cry will go up from the Fish Gate, wailing from the city’s newer district, and a loud crash from the hills. 11 Wail, you who live in the market district, for all the merchants will disappear and those who count money will be removed. 12 At that time I will search through Jerusalem with lamps.⁠ I will punish the people who are entrenched in their sin, those who think to themselves, ‘The Lord neither rewards nor punishes.’ 13 Their wealth will be stolen and their houses ruined! They will not live in the houses they have built, nor will they drink the wine from the vineyards they have planted.⁠ 14 The Lord’s great day of judgment is almost here; it is approaching very rapidly!⁠ There will be a bitter sound on the Lord’s day of judgment; at that time warriors will cry out in battle. 15 That day will be a day of God’s anger, a day of distress and hardship, a day of devastation and ruin, a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and dark skies,⁠ 16 a day of trumpet blasts and battle cries. Judgment will fall on the fortified cities and the high corner towers. 17 I will bring distress on the people and they will stumble like blind men, for they have sinned against the Lord.⁠ Their blood will be poured out like dirt; their flesh will be scattered like manure.⁠ 18 Neither their silver nor their gold will be able to deliver them in the day of the Lord’s angry judgment.⁠ The whole earth will be consumed by his fiery wrath. Indeed, he will bring terrifying destruction on all who live on the earth.”⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Zephaniah 1:18 and Matthew 19:23

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Zephaniah connects wealth to distress, affirming that this wealth will not save them from divine judgment. In Matthew, Jesus is depicted as following this tradition, describing the difficulty of a wealthy person entering the kingdom of heaven.

Passages

Zephaniah 1:18

Hebrew Bible
15 That day will be a day of God’s anger, a day of distress and hardship, a day of devastation and ruin, a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and dark skies, 16 a day of trumpet blasts and battle cries. Judgment will fall on the fortified cities and the high corner towers. 17 I will bring distress on the people and they will stumble like blind men, for they have sinned against the Lord. Their blood will be poured out like dirt; their flesh will be scattered like manure. 18 Neither their silver nor their gold will be able to deliver them in the day of the Lord’s angry judgment. The whole earth will be consumed by his fiery wrath. Indeed, he will bring terrifying destruction on all who live on the earth.”
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zephaniah

Matthew 19:23

New Testament
21 Jesus said to him, “If you wish to be perfect, go sell your possessions and give the money to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.” 22 But when the young man heard this he went away sorrowful, for he was very rich. 23 Then Jesus said to his disciples, “I tell you the truth, it will be hard for a rich person to enter the kingdom of heaven! 24 Again I say, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to enter into the kingdom of God.” 25 The disciples were greatly astonished when they heard this and said, “Then who can be saved?”
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... The righteous God of Israel expected righteousness from the people. God wanted Israel to form an egalitarian society, different from that of the Egyptians or the Canaanites who had a monarchy that survived by the toil of the peasants. The law given with the covenant sought to prevent an accumulation of wealth and power by one group. When the people disregarded the intention of the covenant, their treatment of the poor and the powerless—the orphan, the widow, and the stranger—were indicators of the disease of their society. The prophets used harsh imagery and bizarre actions to penetrate the numbness and satiation of the wealthy, comfortable members of society ..."
Tracey Mark Stout, “Would That All Were Prophets,” in Prophetic Ethics, ed. Robert B. Kruschwitz (Center for Christian Ethics at Baylor University, 2003), 9–15.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Zephaniah 1:18 and Matthew 19:23

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