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About this book

Wisdom of Solomon

About this book

Prayer for Wisdom in Human Life

Chapter 9

1 “O God of my ancestors and Lord of mercy, who made all things by your word;⁠ 2 and by your wisdom you formed man, that he should have dominion over the creatures that were made by you, 3 and rule the world in holiness and righteousness, and execute judgment in uprightness of soul, 4 give me wisdom, her who sits by you on your thrones.⁠ Don’t reject me from among your servants,⁠ 5 because I am your servant and the son of your handmaid, a weak and short-lived man, with little power to understand judgment and laws. 6 For even if a man is perfect among the sons of men, if the wisdom that comes from you is not with him, he will count for nothing.⁠

A King’s Prayer for Wisdom

7 You chose me to be king of your people, and a judge for your sons and daughters. 8 You gave a command to build a sanctuary on your holy mountain, and an altar in the city where you live, a copy of the holy tent which you prepared from the beginning.⁠ 9 Wisdom is with you and knows your works, and was present when you were making the world,⁠ and understands what is pleasing in your eyes, and what is right according to your commandments.⁠ 10 Send her from the holy heavens, and ask her to come from the throne of your glory, that being present with me she may work, and I may learn what pleases you well. 11 For she knows all things and understands, and she will guide me prudently in my actions. She will guard me in her glory. 12 So my works will be acceptable. I will judge your people righteously, and I will be worthy of my father’s throne.

Human Limits and the Gift of Wisdom

13 For what man will know the counsel of God? Or who will conceive what the Lord wills?⁠ 14 For the thoughts of mortals are unstable, and our plans are prone to fail.⁠ 15 For a corruptible body weighs down the soul.⁠ The earthy tent burdens a mind that is full of cares.⁠ 16 We can hardly guess the things that are on earth, and we find the things that are close at hand with labor; but who has traced out the things that are in the heavens?⁠ 17 Who gained knowledge of your counsel, unless you gave wisdom, and sent your holy spirit from on high? 18 It was thus that the ways of those who are on earth were corrected, and men were taught the things that are pleasing to you. They were saved through wisdom.”

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Kings 3:9 and Wisdom of Solomon 9:4

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

The Wisdom of Solomon reshapes Solomon’s request for wisdom from 1 Kings by linking it to Adam, created with wisdom to rule. Adam had grown into a more important figure in later Jewish traditions despite having no role outside early Genesis.

Passages

1 Kings 3:9

Hebrew Bible
5 One night in Gibeon the Lord appeared to Solomon in a dream. God said, “Tell me what I should give you.” 6 Solomon replied, “You demonstrated great loyalty to your servant, my father David, as he served you faithfully, properly, and sincerely. You have maintained this great loyalty to this day by allowing his son to sit on his throne. 7 Now, O Lord my God, you have made your servant king in my father David’s place, even though I am only a young man and am inexperienced. 8 Your servant stands among your chosen people; they are a great nation that is too numerous to count or number. 9 So give your servant a discerning mind so he can make judicial decisions for your people and distinguish right from wrong. Otherwise no one is able to make judicial decisions for this great nation of yours.”
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Kings

Wisdom of Solomon 9:4

Deuterocanon
1 “O God of my ancestors and Lord of mercy, who made all things by your word; 2 and by your wisdom you formed man, that he should have dominion over the creatures that were made by you, 3 and rule the world in holiness and righteousness, and execute judgment in uprightness of soul, 4 give me wisdom, her who sits by you on your thrones. Don’t reject me from among your servants, 5 because I am your servant and the son of your handmaid, a weak and short-lived man, with little power to understand judgment and laws.
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

References

"... In the second appearance of Adam on the lips of Pseudo-Solomon, the author of Wisdom re-enacts Solomon’s prayer for wisdom (Wisdom of Solomon 9:1–18; compare 1 Kings 3:3–9; 2 Chronicles 1:8–10). Pseudo-Solomon offers an exalted portrait of Adam, requesting the wisdom by which Adam was constructed and identifies Adam’s purpose as ruling over creation (Wisdom of Solomon 9:2). The description of Adam’s construction includes an allusion to Genesis 2:7 and the glorious reign attributed to Adam is based on Genesis 1:26–27 and Psalm 8. There is no reference to sin, death, or disobedience. Rather, in Wisdom of Solomon 9:1–2, the mortal, earthborn Adam of Genesis 2:7 is identified as the image of God from Gen 1:26–27, created to rule ..."
Tyler Allen Stewart, “‘The Present Evil Age’: The Origin and Persistence of Evil in Galatians” (diss., Marquette University, 2019), 95.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Kings 3:9 and Wisdom of Solomon 9:4

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