Go to Related Reading
About this book

Wisdom of Solomon

About this book
Chapter 18

1 But for your holy ones there was great light. Their enemies, hearing their voice but not seeing their form, counted it a happy thing that they had not suffered, 2 yet because they do not hurt them, though wronged by them before, they are thankful; and because they had been at variance with them, they begged for pardon. 3 Therefore you provided a burning pillar of fire, to be a guide for your people’s unknown journey, and a harmless sun for their glorious exile. 4 For the Egyptians well deserved to be deprived of light and imprisoned by darkness, they who had imprisoned your children, through whom the incorruptible light of the law was to be given to the race of men.⁠

The Firstborn, Passover, and Israel’s Deliverance

5 After they had taken counsel to kill the babes of the holy ones, and when a single child had been abandoned and saved to convict them of their sin, you took away from them their multitude of children, and destroyed all their army together in a mighty flood.⁠ 6 Our fathers were made aware of that night beforehand, that, having sure knowledge, they might be cheered by the oaths which they had trusted. 7 Salvation of the righteous and destruction of the enemies was expected by your people. 8 For as you took vengeance on the adversaries, by the same means, calling us to yourself, you glorified us. 9 For holy children of good men offered sacrifice in secret, and with one consent they agreed to the covenant of the divine law, that the saints would partake alike in the same good things and the same perils, already singing the praises of the fathers. 10 But the discordant cry of the enemies echoed back, and a pitiful voice of lamentation for children was spread abroad. 11 Both servant and master were punished with the same just doom, and the commoner suffering the same as king; 12 Yes, they all together, under one form of death, had corpses without number. For the living were not sufficient even to bury them, since at a single stroke, their most cherished offspring was consumed.⁠ 13 For while they were disbelieving all things by reason of the enchantments, upon the destruction of the firstborn they confessed the people to be God’s children. 14 For while peaceful silence wrapped all things, and night in her own swiftness was half spent,⁠ 15 your all-powerful word leaped from heaven, from the royal throne, a stern warrior, into the midst of the doomed land,⁠ 16 bearing as a sharp sword your authentic commandment, and standing, it filled all things with death, and while it touched the sky it stood upon the earth. 17 Then immediately apparitions in dreams terribly troubled them, and unexpected fears came upon them. 18 And each, one thrown here half dead, another there, made known why he was dying; 19 for the dreams, disturbing them, forewarned them of this, that they might not perish without knowing why they were afflicted. 20 The experience of death also touched the righteous, and a multitude were destroyed in the wilderness, but the wrath didn’t last long. 21 For a blameless man hurried to be their champion, bringing the weapon of his own ministry, prayer, and the atoning sacrifice of incense. He withstood the indignation and set an end to the calamity, showing that he was your servant. 22 And he overcame the anger, not by strength of body, not by force of weapons, but by his word, he subdued the avenger by bringing to remembrance oaths and covenants made with the fathers.⁠ 23 For when the dead had already fallen in heaps one upon another, he intervened and stopped the wrath, and cut off its way to the living. 24 For the whole world was pictured on his long robe, and the glories of the fathers were upon the engraving of the four rows of precious stones, and your majesty was upon the diadem on his head.⁠ 25 The destroyer yielded to these, and feared them; for it was enough only to test the wrath.

Texts in conversation

Compare Wisdom of Solomon 18:15 and Hebrews 4:12

Deuterocanon · New Testament

Share:

Summary

Hebrews describes the divine word as intensely sharp, an image that echoes Wisdom of Solomon’s portrayal of God’s word descending like a warrior with a sword. Both use military imagery to express the word’s power to act decisively in the world.

Passages

Wisdom of Solomon 18:15

Deuterocanon
13 For while they were disbelieving all things by reason of the enchantments, upon the destruction of the firstborn they confessed the people to be God’s children. 14 For while peaceful silence wrapped all things, and night in her own swiftness was half spent, 15 your all-powerful word leaped from heaven, from the royal throne, a stern warrior, into the midst of the doomed land, 16 bearing as a sharp sword your authentic commandment, and standing, it filled all things with death, and while it touched the sky it stood upon the earth. 17 Then immediately apparitions in dreams terribly troubled them, and unexpected fears came upon them. 18 And each, one thrown here half dead, another there, made known why he was dying;
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

Hebrews 4:12

New Testament
10 For the one who enters God’s rest has also rested from his works, just as God did from his own works. 11 Thus we must make every effort to enter that rest, so that no one may fall by following the same pattern of disobedience. 12 For the word of God is living and active and sharper than any double-edged sword, piercing even to the point of dividing soul from spirit, and joints from marrow; it is able to judge the desires and thoughts of the heart. 13 And no creature is hidden from God, but everything is naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must render an account. 14 Therefore since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast to our confession. 15 For we do not have a high priest incapable of sympathizing with our weaknesses, but one who has been tempted in every way just as we are, yet without sin.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hebrews

References

"... Philo uses similar imagery in reference to the Logos; for example, he describes the Logos as a flaming sword (φλογίνη ῥομφαία) in reference to the angel of Genesis. He also speaks of a “severing Logos” (λόγος τομεύς) as a cosmic principle which is intelligible to human reason. However, this similarity in language between Hebrews and Philo is most likely explained by the presence of “logos/sword” imagery in the Old Testament. Both Philo and Hebrews are taking advantage of a preexisting tradition. This tradition can be seen, for example, in such passages where the tongue is portrayed as a sword (compare Is 49:2, Ps 57:5). The “word” as a sword could be considered an extension of this imagery. More relevant to this study is the description of the Logos found in Wisdom 18:14-16, where we read that, “while gentle silence enveloped all things, and night in its swift course was now half gone, thy all-powerful word (λόγος) leaped from heaven, from the royal throne, into the midst of the land that was doomed, a stern warrior carrying the sharp sword (ξίφος) of thy authentic command.” Such a passage demonstrates that the logos /sword imagery of Hebrews 4:12 need not be directly inspired by Philo ..."
Peter A. Langenkamp, God’s Word to Man, Wisdom Personified and the Christ of Hebrews 1:3 (Mount St. Mary’s Seminary of the West, 2017), 45.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Wisdom of Solomon 18:15 and Hebrews 4:12

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library