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About this book

Wisdom of Solomon

About this book

Wisdom Guides the Ancestors

Chapter 10

1 Wisdom guarded to the end the first formed father of the world, who was created alone, and delivered him out of his own transgression, 2 and gave him strength to rule over all things. 3 But when an unrighteous man fell away from her in his anger, he perished himself in the rage with which he killed his brother.⁠ 4 When because of him the earth was drowning with a flood, wisdom again saved it, guiding the righteous man’s course by a paltry piece of wood. 5 Moreover, when nations consenting together in wickedness had been confounded, wisdom knew the righteous man, and preserved him blameless to God, and kept him strong when his heart yearned toward his child.⁠ 6 While the ungodly were perishing, wisdom delivered a righteous man, when he fled from the fire that descended out of heaven on the five cities.⁠ 7 To whose wickedness a smoking waste still witnesses, and plants bearing fair fruit that doesn’t ripen, a disbelieving soul has a memorial: a standing pillar of salt.⁠ 8 For having passed wisdom by, not only were they disabled from recognising the things which are good, but they also left behind them for their life a monument of their folly, so that where they stumbled, they might fail even to be unseen; 9 but wisdom delivered those who waited on her out of troubles. 10 When a righteous man was a fugitive from a brother’s wrath, wisdom guided him in straight paths. She showed him God’s kingdom, and gave him knowledge of holy things.⁠ She prospered him in his toils, and multiplied the fruits of his labor. 11 When in their covetousness men dealt harshly with him, she stood by him and made him rich. 12 She guarded him from enemies, and she kept him safe from those who lay in wait. Over his severe conflict, she watched as judge, that he might know that godliness is more powerful than every one.⁠ 13 When a righteous man was sold, wisdom didn’t forsake him, but she delivered him from sin. She went down with him into a dungeon, 14 and in bonds she didn’t depart from him, until she brought him the sceptre of a kingdom, and authority over those that dealt like a tyrant with him. She also showed those who had mockingly accused him to be false, and gave him eternal glory.

Wisdom Delivers Israel from Egypt

15 Wisdom delivered a holy people and a blameless seed from a nation of oppressors. 16 She entered into the soul of a servant of the Lord, and withstood terrible kings in wonders and signs.⁠ 17 She rendered to holy men a reward of their toils.⁠ She guided them along a marvelous way, and became to them a covering in the daytime, and a starry flame through the night. 18 She brought them over the Red sea, and led them through much water; 19 but she drowned their enemies, and she cast them up from the bottom of the deep. 20 Therefore the righteous plundered the ungodly,⁠ and they sang praise to your holy name, O Lord, and extolled with one accord your hand that fought for them, 21 because wisdom opened the mouth of the mute, and made the tongues of babes speak clearly.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 22:1 and Wisdom of Solomon 10:5

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Wisdom of Solomon 10:5 refers to the Akedah, saying that Wisdom kept Abraham strong despite his affection for his child. It portrays the near-sacrifice of Isaac as a contest between parental love and faithfulness to God.

Passages

Genesis 22:1

Hebrew Bible
1 Some time after these things God tested Abraham. He said to him, “Abraham!” “Here I am!” Abraham replied. 2 God said, “Take your son—your only son, whom you love, Isaac—and go to the land of Moriah! Offer him up there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains which I will indicate to you.” 3 Early in the morning Abraham got up and saddled his donkey. He took two of his young servants with him, along with his son Isaac. When he had cut the wood for the burnt offering, he started out for the place God had spoken to him about. 4 On the third day Abraham caught sight of the place in the distance. 5 So he said to his servants, “You two stay here with the donkey while the boy and I go up there. We will worship and then return to you.” 6 Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and put it on his son Isaac. Then he took the fire and the knife in his hand, and the two of them walked on together. 7 Isaac said to his father Abraham, “My father?” “What is it, my son?” he replied. “Here is the fire and the wood,” Isaac said, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?” 8 “God will provide for himself the lamb for the burnt offering, my son,” Abraham replied. The two of them continued on together. 9 When they came to the place God had told him about, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood on it. Next he tied up his son Isaac and placed him on the altar on top of the wood. 10 Then Abraham reached out his hand, took the knife, and prepared to slaughter his son.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Wisdom of Solomon 10:5

Deuterocanon
4 When because of him the earth was drowning with a flood, wisdom again saved it, guiding the righteous man’s course by a paltry piece of wood. 5 Moreover, when nations consenting together in wickedness had been confounded, wisdom knew the righteous man, and preserved him blameless to God, and kept him strong when his heart yearned toward his child. 6 While the ungodly were perishing, wisdom delivered a righteous man, when he fled from the fire that descended out of heaven on the five cities.
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

References

“... The child here is none other than Isaac, and the colon recalls the Aqedah (Binding) or near-sacrifice of Isaac by Abraham in Genesis 22 as a test of his faith. Again, as in verse 2a, there is a repetition of the root in the adjective, “strong,” “mighty.” The verb, “she guarded,” recalls the similar form found in verse 1b. When taken with the preceding adjective, the verb is intensified. Thus, instead of merely guarding Abraham, Wisdom “guards him intently” and “keeps him strong.” The word in verse 5c literally means “entrails.” For the ancients, the entrails or “innards” were the seat of emotion. The Greek word here may reflect the Hebrew word, “mercy,” “compassion,” which is often associated with parental tenderness. Abraham was frequently held up in Jewish tradition as a model of parental love since his affection for Isaac was so great (compare 4 Maccabees 14:20). Here, however, Wisdom protects Abraham from his paternal love or affection for his son and in so doing presumably strengthens his love for God which enables him to obey the Almighty ...”
Andrew T. Glicksman, Wisdom of Solomon 10: A Jewish Hellenistic Reinterpretation of Early Israelite History through Sapiential Lenses, DCLS 9 (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2011), 117.
“... One final passage in the Apocrypha deserves mention. This is the verse from the account of the manifestations of Wisdom in the history of redemption in the Wisdom of Solomon, a book that seems to date from about the late first century B.C.E. or early first century C.E. It was Wisdom, the book relates, that “knew the just man and kept him blameless before God, and preserved him resolute against pity for his child” (Wisdom of Solomon 10:5). This is one of only two points from the life of Abraham deemed worthy of mention, the other being Wisdom”s rescue of the Patriarch from the destruction of the Cities of the Plain (verse 6). It is in the Wisdom of Solomon that we find the most explicit reference to the aqedah in the Apocrypha, a point owing to the increasing interest in the episode in Judaism in the first century ...”
Jon D. Levenson, The Death and Resurrection of the Beloved Son: The Transformation of Child Sacrifice in Judaism and Christianity (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1993), 176.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 22:1 and Wisdom of Solomon 10:5

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