Go to Related Reading
About this book

Tobit

About this book
Chapter 3

1 And I was much grieved in my soul and groaned and wept. And I began to pray with groanings: 2 O Lord, you are righteous, and all your works are righteous,⁠ and all your ways are mercy and truth: you judge the world. 3 And now, O Lord, remember me, and look upon me; and do not take vengeance on me for my sins, both for my ignorances and my fathers’.⁠ 4 They sinned against you and disobeyed your commandments, and you gave us for spoil and captivity, and death, and for a proverb and a by-word and a reproach among all the nations among whom you did disperse us. 5 And now your many judgments are true in exacting from me the penalty of my sins, because we did not keep your commandments and did not walk truly before you. 6 And now deal with me according to your pleasure, and command my spirit to be taken from me, that I may be released from off the earth and become earth:⁠ for it is more profitable for me to die than to live, because I have heard false reproaches, and there is much sorrow in me.⁠ Lord, command that I be released from this distress, let me go to the everlasting place, and do not turn your face, O Lord, away from me. For it is more profitable for me to die, than to see much distress in my life, and not to hear reproaches.

Sarah's Distress and Prayer

7 On this day it happened to Sarah the daughter of Raguel who was in Ecbatana of Media, that she also heard reproaches by one of her father’s maidservants; 8 because that she had been given to seven husbands, and Asmodaeus the evil demon had slain them, before they had been with her as it is appointed for women.⁠ And the maidservant said to her, It is you that slay your husbands; behold you have already been given to seven husbands, and you have not been named of one of them.⁠ 9 Why do you scourge us on account of your husbands because they have died? Go your -o ways with them and let us see neither son nor daughter of yours for ever. 10 In that day she was grieved in her soul and wept; and she went up into her father’s upper room,⁠ and desired to hang herself; and again she considered and said, No, lest they reproach my father; and shall say to him, You had one beloved daughter, and she has hanged herself because of her calamities! and I shall bring down my father's old age with sorrow to Hades. It is fitter for me not to hang myself, but to supplicate the Lord that I may die and no longer hear reproaches during my life. 11 At the very same time she stretched forth her hands towards the window and prayed, and said, Blessed are you, merciful God, and blessed is your name for ever: and let all your works bless you for ever. 12 And now to you my face and my eyes I lift up: 13 command that I be released from the earth, and that I no more hear reproaches. 14 You know, Master, that I am pure from all uncleanness with man, 15 and that I never polluted my name, nor the name of my father either, in the land of my captivity. I am the only daughter of my father, and he has no other child to be his heir, nor has he kinsman near him, nor has he relation, that I should keep myself for a wife to him. Seven husbands of my are dead already; and why should it be mine to live on? And if it pleases you not to slay me—O Lord, now hear my reproach.

Raphael Is Sent to Heal Tobit and Sarah

16 At the very same time the prayer of both was heard before the glory of God.⁠ 17 And Raphael was sent to heal them both: the case of Tobit to remove the white films from his eyes, that he might see the light of God with his eyes; and in the case of Sarah the daughter of Raguel, to give her for a wife to Tobias the son of Tobit, and to unbind Asmodaeus the evil demon from her; because it belonged to Tobias that he should inherit her rather than all those which wished to take her, At that time did Tobit return from the courtyard into his house, and Sarah the daughter of Raguel herself also came down from the upper chamber.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Kings 19:4 and Tobit 3:6

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

Share:

Summary

Tobit’s plea for death echoes Elijah’s lament in 1 Kings, where he asks to die after reaching a point of despair. This connects Tobit with the patterns of the Hebrew Bible and depicts his suffering in continuity with Israel's prophets.

Passages

1 Kings 19:4

Hebrew Bible
2 Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah with this warning, “May the gods judge me severely if by this time tomorrow I do not take your life as you did theirs!” 3 Elijah was afraid, so he got up and fled for his life to Beer Sheba in Judah. He left his servant there, 4 while he went a day’s journey into the wilderness. He went and sat down under a shrub and asked the Lord to take his life: “I’ve had enough! Now, O Lord, take my life. After all, I’m no better than my ancestors.” 5 He stretched out and fell asleep under the shrub. Suddenly an angelic messenger touched him and said, “Get up and eat.”
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Kings

Tobit 3:6

Deuterocanon
5 And now your many judgments are true in exacting from me the penalty of my sins, because we did not keep your commandments and did not walk truly before you. 6 And now deal with me according to your pleasure, and command my spirit to be taken from me, that I may be released from off the earth and become earth: for it is more profitable for me to die than to live, because I have heard false reproaches, and there is much sorrow in me. Lord, command that I be released from this distress, let me go to the everlasting place, and do not turn your face, O Lord, away from me. For it is more profitable for me to die, than to see much distress in my life, and not to hear reproaches.
225–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Tobit

References

"... A major characteristic of [Tobit] is the allusion to earlier biblical texts. In his prayer, Tobit is so discouraged he prays to die. Here he is following the example of noble predecessors: Moses (Numbers 11:15) and Elijah (1 Kings 19:4; see also Jonah 4:3). At the end of the story Tobit, like Moses, dies outside the Promised Land but looks forward to its future (see Deuteronomy 31:7-8; 32:44-52). The meeting between Tobiah and the family of Raguel (7:1-6) is patterned on the meeting between Jacob and the family of Laban in Genesis (Genesis 29:4-14). In Tobiah’s prayer he suggests that he and Sarah are modeled on Adam and Eve (Tobit 8:6). Raphael’s character echoes that of earlier biblical angels: the angel who appeared to Manoah and his wife who asks, “Why do you ask my name?” and who also ascends to heaven (Judges 13:18, 20; Tobit 5:12; 12:20) ..."
Daniel Durken, ed., The New Collegeville Bible Commentary: In One Volume (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2017), 732.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

1 Kings 19:4 and Tobit 3:6

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library