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Testament of Levi

Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs

About this book
Chapter 2

1 I, Levi, was born in Haran, and I came with my father to Shechem. 2 And I was young, about twenty years of age, when, with Simeon, I carried out vengeance on Hamor for our sister Dinah. 3 And when I was feeding the flocks in Abel-Maul, the spirit of understanding of the Lord came upon me, and I saw all men corrupting their way, and that unrighteousness had built for itself walls, and lawlessness sat upon towers. 4 And I was grieving for the race of the sons of men, and I prayed to the Lord that I might be saved. 5 Then I fell asleep, and I saw a high mountain, and I was on it. 6 Then the heavens were opened, and an angel of God said to me,⁠ “Levi, enter.” And I entered from the first heaven, and I saw there a great sea hanging.⁠ 7 And I saw a second heaven, far brighter and more brilliant, for there was boundless light there as well. 8 And I said to the angel, “Why is this so?” And the angel said to me, “Don’t be amazed by this, for you will see another heaven more brilliant and incomparable.” 9 And when you have ascended there, you will stand near the Lord, and will be His minister, and will declare His mysteries to men, and will proclaim about Him who will redeem Israel. 10 And by you and Judah the Lord will appear among men, saving every race of men. 11 And from the Lord’s portion will be your life, and He will be your field and vineyard, and fruits, gold, and silver.

Texts in conversation

Compare Testament of Levi 2:6 and 2 Corinthians 12:2

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · New Testament

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Summary

The Testament of Levi describes Levi's ascent through multiple heavens, each brighter than the last, until he approaches God. In 2 Corinthians, Paul describes his own ascent to the third heaven, reflecting a similar cosmology with layered heavens.

Passages

Testament of Levi 2:6

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs
4 And I was grieving for the race of the sons of men, and I prayed to the Lord that I might be saved. 5 Then I fell asleep, and I saw a high mountain, and I was on it. 6 Then the heavens were opened, and an angel of God said to me, “Levi, enter.” And I entered from the first heaven, and I saw there a great sea hanging. 7 And I saw a second heaven, far brighter and more brilliant, for there was boundless light there as well. 8 And I said to the angel, “Why is this so?” And the angel said to me, “Don’t be amazed by this, for you will see another heaven more brilliant and incomparable.” 9 And when you have ascended there, you will stand near the Lord, and will be His minister, and will declare His mysteries to men, and will proclaim about Him who will redeem Israel. 10 And by you and Judah the Lord will appear among men, saving every race of men.
100 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Testament of Levi

2 Corinthians 12:2

New Testament
1 It is necessary to go on boasting. Though it is not profitable, I will go on to visions and revelations from the Lord. 2 I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago (whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows) was caught up to the third heaven. 3 And I know that this man (whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows) 4 was caught up into paradise and heard things too sacred to be put into words, things that a person is not permitted to speak. 5 On behalf of such an individual I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, except about my weaknesses.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

References

"... Paul says that he was snatched up to the third heaven. Heaven is the abode of God and of those closely associated with him (see "our Father in heaven," Matthew 6:9; "the angels in heaven," Mark 13:32). A journey to heaven where revelations are received about things on the other side is a familiar idea in first century apocalyptic and rabbinic materials (Bietenhard 1976:191-92). The notion of a multiplicity of heavens began to surface in the intertestamental period (2 Maccabees 15:23; 3 Maccabees 2:2, "king of the heavens"; Wisdom of Solomon 9:10, "the holy heavens"; Tobit 8:5, "the heavens"). Some Jewish materials speak of only one heaven (such as Philo; 2 Esdras 4:9), while others tell of three (Testament of Levi 2-3, "the uppermost heaven"), five (3 Baruch 11, "the angel led me to the fifth heaven") and even seven heavens (such as Pesiqta Rabbati 98a, "God opened seven heavens to Moses") ..."
Linda L. Belleville, 2 Corinthians, IVPNTC (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2011), 208–209.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Testament of Levi 2:6 and 2 Corinthians 12:2

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