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Testament of Judah

Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs

About this book
Chapter 18

1 I know the evils you will do in the last days. So beware, my children, of sexual immorality and the love of money, and listen to Judah your father.⁠ 2 These things pull you away from the law of God, blind the soul's inclination, and teach arrogance. They keep a man from showing compassion to his neighbor, rob his soul of all goodness, weigh him down with toil and trouble, drive sleep away from him, and consume his body. 3 Such a man hinders the sacrifices of God, forgets the blessing of God, refuses to listen to a prophet when he speaks, and resents words of godliness. 4 For he is a slave to two opposing passions and cannot obey God, because they have blinded his soul, and he walks in the daytime as if it were night.

Texts in conversation

Compare Testament of Judah 18 and 1 Timothy 6:10

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · New Testament

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Summary

The Testament of Judah warns that lust and the love of money blind the soul, lead to arrogance, and destroy compassion, leaving a person enslaved to destructive desires. 1 Timothy echoes this by calling the love of wealth the root of all evil.

Passages

Testament of Judah 18

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs
1 I know the evils you will do in the last days. So beware, my children, of sexual immorality and the love of money, and listen to Judah your father. 2 These things pull you away from the law of God, blind the soul's inclination, and teach arrogance. They keep a man from showing compassion to his neighbor, rob his soul of all goodness, weigh him down with toil and trouble, drive sleep away from him, and consume his body. 3 Such a man hinders the sacrifices of God, forgets the blessing of God, refuses to listen to a prophet when he speaks, and resents words of godliness. 4 For he is a slave to two opposing passions and cannot obey God, because they have blinded his soul, and he walks in the daytime as if it were night.
100 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Testament of Judah

1 Timothy 6:10

New Testament
8 But if we have food and shelter, we will be satisfied with that. 9 Those who long to be rich, however, stumble into temptation and a trap and many senseless and harmful desires that plunge people into ruin and destruction. 10 For the love of money is the root of all evils. Some people in reaching for it have strayed from the faith and stabbed themselves with many pains. 11 But you, as a person dedicated to God, keep away from all that. Instead pursue righteousness, godliness, faithfulness, love, endurance, and gentleness.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Timothy

References

"... Placing the parables of the Rich Fool and Lazarus and the Rich Man in close proximity also invites readers to consider whether the man in 12:16–21 neglects to care for the poor. Such a question becomes common throughout the parable’s history of interpretation ... On several occasions Cyprian utilizes the parable, like Clement and Cassian, as a warning against luxury and greed. After citing 1 Timothy 6:10 - “for lust of money is the root of all evil”—he refers to Luke 12:20 to aver that riches are the “root of seductive evils” ... Although François Bovon follows Jülicher and others in describing the parable as “une histoire exemplaire,” he acknowledges the importance of wisdom parallels and identifies specific aspects of the parable as having their “equivalent” in Hebrew and Jewish wisdom. He cites several such parallels (in a footnote) to show that Luke 12:15 and 16–21 fit into Israel’s “wisdom tradition.” (These include Psalm 49:7, 11, 17–20; Sirach 11:18–19; Testament of Judah 18–19; 1 Enoch 94:6–11; 97:8–10; James 5:1–6. He also refers to the beatitude and woe in Luke 6:20, 24 and “all the Lucan texts on riches.”) ..."
Matthew S. Rindge, Jesus' Parable of the Rich Fool: Luke 12:13–34 among Ancient Conversations on Death and Possessions, ECL 6 (Atlanta: SBL, 2011), 10–11, 31–32.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Testament of Judah 18 and 1 Timothy 6:10

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