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Song of Solomon

Song of Songs

About this book
Chapter 8

1 The Beloved to Her Lover: Oh, how I wish you were my little brother, nursing at my mother’s breasts; if I saw you outside, I could kiss you—surely no one would despise me! 2 I would lead you and bring you to my mother’s house, the one who taught me. I would give you spiced wine to drink, the nectar of my pomegranates. 3 The Beloved about Her Lover: His left hand is under my head, and his right hand embraces me. 4 The Beloved to the Maidens: I admonish you, O maidens of Jerusalem: “Do not arouse or awaken love until it pleases!” 5 The Maidens about His Beloved: Who is this coming up from the wilderness, leaning on her beloved? The Beloved to Her Lover: Under the apple tree I aroused you; there your mother conceived you; there she who bore you was in labor of childbirth. 6 The Beloved to Her Lover: Set me like a cylinder seal over your heart, like a signet on your arm. For love is as strong as death; passion is as unrelenting as Sheol.⁠ Its flames burst forth; it is a blazing flame. 7 Surging waters cannot quench love; floodwaters cannot overflow it.⁠ If someone were to offer all his possessions to buy love, the offer would be utterly despised. 8 The Beloved’s Brothers: We have a little sister, and as yet she has no breasts. What shall we do for our sister on the day when she is spoken for? 9 If she is a wall, we will build on her a battlement of silver; but if she is a door, we will barricade her with boards of cedar. 10 The Beloved: I was a wall, and my breasts were like fortress towers. Then I found favor in his eyes. 11 The Beloved to Her Lover: Solomon had a vineyard at Baal Hamon; he leased out the vineyard to those who maintained it. Each was to bring 1,000 shekels of silver for its fruit. 12 My vineyard, which belongs to me, is at my disposal alone. The thousand shekels belong to you, O Solomon, and 200 shekels belong to those who maintain it for its fruit. 13 The Lover to His Beloved: O you who stay in the gardens, my companions are listening attentively for your voice; let me be the one to hear it! 14 The Beloved to Her Lover: Make haste, my beloved! Be like a gazelle or a young stag on the mountains of spices.

Texts in conversation

Compare KTU 1.6 VI:17 and Song of Solomon 8:6

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Hebrew Bible

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Summary

The Song of Solomon describes love as strong as death, which may echo the language in the Baal Cycle about the Canaanite god of death Mot, who is similarly described as strong.

Passages

KTU 1.6 VI:17

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
They glowered at each other like burning coals. Mot was strong; Baal was strong. They gored like wild bulls. Mot was strong; Baal was strong. They bit like serpents. Mot was strong; Baal was strong. They tugged like hunting-dogs. Mot fell. Baal fell on top of him. Shapshu cried to Mot: “Listen, pray, O divine Mot!
1350–1185 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in KTU

Song of Solomon 8:6

Hebrew Bible · Song of Songs
5 The Maidens about His Beloved: Who is this coming up from the wilderness, leaning on her beloved? The Beloved to Her Lover: Under the apple tree I aroused you; there your mother conceived you; there she who bore you was in labor of childbirth. 6 The Beloved to Her Lover: Set me like a cylinder seal over your heart, like a signet on your arm. For love is as strong as death; passion is as unrelenting as Sheol. Its flames burst forth; it is a blazing flame. 7 Surging waters cannot quench love; floodwaters cannot overflow it. If someone were to offer all his possessions to buy love, the offer would be utterly despised.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Song of Solomon

References

... So far as I am aware, surprisingly only N.J. Tromp has hitherto pointed to the fact that a comparison of love with Resheph (or the Reshephs) is thematically appropriate in this verse, since Resheph was an underworld god, which fits the declaration 'love is strong as death' (though Tromp inconsistently also associates Resheph with lightning here). We may compare Hosea 13:14, where Sheol/death has its plagues (from deber) and destruction (from qeteb), words elsewhere connected with resheph (compare Deuteronomy 32:24; Habakkuk 3:5; Psalm 78:49). The phrase 'strong as death' also has a mythological background, for we read that 'Mot was strong' (mt. 'z) in the Ugaritic texts (KTU 1.6.VI.17-18, 20), as has been noted earlier. ...
John Day, Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan, JSOTSup 265 (London: Sheffield Academic, 2002), 205.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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KTU 1.6 VI:17 and Song of Solomon 8:6

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