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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Conduct Toward God and Others

Chapter 7

1 Do no evil, so no evil will overtake you. 2 Depart from wrong, and it will turn away from you. 3 My son, don’t sow upon the furrows of unrighteousness, and you won’t reap them sevenfold. 4 Don’t seek preeminence from the Lord, nor the seat of honor from the king. 5 Don’t justify yourself in the presence of the Lord, and don’t display your wisdom before the king. 6 Don’t seek to be a judge, lest you not be able to take away iniquities, lest perhaps you fear the person of a mighty man, and lay a stumbling block in the way of your uprightness. 7 Don’t sin against the multitude of the city. Don’t disgrace yourself in the crowd. 8 Don’t commit a sin twice, for even in one you will not be unpunished. 9 Don’t say, “He will look upon the multitude of my gifts. When I make an offering to the Most High God, he will accept it.” 10 Don’t be faint-hearted in your prayer.⁠ Don’t neglect to give alms. 11 Don’t laugh a man to scorn when he is in the bitterness of his soul, for there is one who humbles and exalts. 12 Don’t devise a lie against your brother, or do the same to a friend. 13 Refuse to utter a lie,⁠ for that habit results in no good. 14 Don’t babble in the assembly of elders. Don’t repeat your words in your prayer.⁠ 15 Don’t hate hard labor or farm work, which the Most High has created. 16 Don’t number yourself among the multitude of sinners. Remember that wrath will not wait. 17 Humble your soul greatly, for the punishment of the ungodly man is fire and the worm.⁠

Family, Worship, and Generosity

18 Don’t exchange a friend for something, neither a true brother for the gold of Ophir. 19 Don’t deprive yourself of a wise and good wife, for her grace is worth more than gold. 20 Don’t abuse a servant who works faithfully, or a hired worker who gives you his life. 21 Let your soul love a wise servant. Don’t defraud him of liberty. 22 Do you have cattle? Look after them. If they are profitable to you, let them stay by you. 23 Do you have children? Correct them, and make them obedient from their youth.⁠ 24 Do you have daughters? Take care of their bodies, and don’t be overly indulgent toward them. 25 Give your daughter in marriage, and you will have accomplished a great matter. Give her to a man of understanding. 26 Do you have a wife who pleases you? Don’t cast her out. But don’t trust yourself to one who is hateful. 27 Honor your father with your whole heart, and don’t forget the birth pangs of your mother. 28 Remember that you were born of them. What will you repay them for the things that they have done for you? 29 Fear the Lord with all your soul;⁠ and revere his priests.⁠ 30 With all your strength love him who made you. Don’t forsake his ministers. 31 Fear the Lord and honor the priest. Give him his portion, even as it is commanded you: the first fruits, the trespass offering, the gift of the shoulders, the sacrifice of sanctification, and the first fruits of holy things.⁠ 32 Also stretch out your hand to the poor man,⁠ that your blessing may be complete.⁠ 33 A gift has grace in the sight of every living man. Don’t withhold grace for a dead man.⁠ 34 Don’t avoid those who weep, and mourn with those who mourn. 35 Don’t be slow to visit a sick man, for by such things you will gain love. 36 In all your words, remember eternity, and you will never sin.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 7:31 and Didache 13:3

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Didache echoes the language of Sirach by teaching to honor and financially support leaders, adapting the language once applied to priests. The Didache applies this to traveling teachers or prophets, depicted as new “high priests.”

Passages

Sirach 7:31

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
29 Fear the Lord with all your soul; and revere his priests. 30 With all your strength love him who made you. Don’t forsake his ministers. 31 Fear the Lord and honor the priest. Give him his portion, even as it is commanded you: the first fruits, the trespass offering, the gift of the shoulders, the sacrifice of sanctification, and the first fruits of holy things. 32 Also stretch out your hand to the poor man, that your blessing may be complete. 33 A gift has grace in the sight of every living man. Don’t withhold grace for a dead man.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

Didache 13:3

Early Christian
1 Every true prophet who wishes to settle among you deserves to be provided for with food. 2 Similarly, a genuine teacher is worthy of sustenance, just like any other worker. 3 Therefore, you should offer the first fruits of your wine, grain, oxen, and sheep to the prophets, for they serve as your high priests. 4 If you have no prophets, then give to those in need. 5 When you bake bread, take the first portion and give it in accordance with the commandment.
90–120 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Didache

References

"... The ministry of the itinerant charismatic is to be received with the same eagerness and seriousness as would be rendered to Christ himself. Such a status is reflected in the hospitality to be offered to itinerant prophets. They are to have priority—the first pick of the harvest—even before the poor (Didache 13:4; Mark 14:7)—also money, clothing and everything you own (Didache 13:7). In other words, such ambassadors cannot be honored enough for the ministry they undertake in Christ’s name, reflecting the dominical teaching that laborers deserve their food (Matthew 10:9-10). Furthermore, such treatment reflects that rendered to the priesthood of the Old Testament, who are qualified to consume what the people have first given to God (Deuteronomy 18:1-8; Nehemiah 10:37-39; Sirach 7:31-32). The Didachist makes this overtly clear: they are your high priests (Didache 13:3). Clearly, they were an integral part of the church’s life in the earliest days, which was encouraged to both welcome them and give them every support for the furtherance of their mission. But the evidence is that this very welcome and generous openness contributed, in more than a few cases, to local difficulties. One was the nature of their teaching. Local communities are expected to understand the Christian kerygma they received well enough to be able to distinguish between true and false prophets: exercise your critical judgment (Didache 12:1; 1 John 4:1). The true itinerant will serve to fortify the faith of the church (Didache 11:2), his lifestyle will accord to that of Jesus himself (Didache 11:8); and he will not be hypocritical, teaching what he, himself, does not practice (Didache 11:10, compare Matthew 23:2-3). If he proves be so, the false one should be avoided (Didache 12:5; Romans 16:17) ..."
Michael Jackson, “Church Order in the Didache,” The Baptist Minister's Journal 327 (2015): 16–21.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 7:31 and Didache 13:3

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