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About this book

Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Conduct Toward God and Others

Chapter 7

1 Do no evil, so no evil will overtake you. 2 Depart from wrong, and it will turn away from you. 3 My son, don’t sow upon the furrows of unrighteousness, and you won’t reap them sevenfold. 4 Don’t seek preeminence from the Lord, nor the seat of honor from the king. 5 Don’t justify yourself in the presence of the Lord, and don’t display your wisdom before the king. 6 Don’t seek to be a judge, lest you not be able to take away iniquities, lest perhaps you fear the person of a mighty man, and lay a stumbling block in the way of your uprightness. 7 Don’t sin against the multitude of the city. Don’t disgrace yourself in the crowd. 8 Don’t commit a sin twice, for even in one you will not be unpunished. 9 Don’t say, “He will look upon the multitude of my gifts. When I make an offering to the Most High God, he will accept it.” 10 Don’t be faint-hearted in your prayer.⁠ Don’t neglect to give alms. 11 Don’t laugh a man to scorn when he is in the bitterness of his soul, for there is one who humbles and exalts. 12 Don’t devise a lie against your brother, or do the same to a friend. 13 Refuse to utter a lie,⁠ for that habit results in no good. 14 Don’t babble in the assembly of elders. Don’t repeat your words in your prayer.⁠ 15 Don’t hate hard labor or farm work, which the Most High has created. 16 Don’t number yourself among the multitude of sinners. Remember that wrath will not wait. 17 Humble your soul greatly, for the punishment of the ungodly man is fire and the worm.⁠

Family, Worship, and Generosity

18 Don’t exchange a friend for something, neither a true brother for the gold of Ophir. 19 Don’t deprive yourself of a wise and good wife, for her grace is worth more than gold. 20 Don’t abuse a servant who works faithfully, or a hired worker who gives you his life. 21 Let your soul love a wise servant. Don’t defraud him of liberty. 22 Do you have cattle? Look after them. If they are profitable to you, let them stay by you. 23 Do you have children? Correct them, and make them obedient from their youth.⁠ 24 Do you have daughters? Take care of their bodies, and don’t be overly indulgent toward them. 25 Give your daughter in marriage, and you will have accomplished a great matter. Give her to a man of understanding. 26 Do you have a wife who pleases you? Don’t cast her out. But don’t trust yourself to one who is hateful. 27 Honor your father with your whole heart, and don’t forget the birth pangs of your mother. 28 Remember that you were born of them. What will you repay them for the things that they have done for you? 29 Fear the Lord with all your soul;⁠ and revere his priests.⁠ 30 With all your strength love him who made you. Don’t forsake his ministers. 31 Fear the Lord and honor the priest. Give him his portion, even as it is commanded you: the first fruits, the trespass offering, the gift of the shoulders, the sacrifice of sanctification, and the first fruits of holy things.⁠ 32 Also stretch out your hand to the poor man,⁠ that your blessing may be complete.⁠ 33 A gift has grace in the sight of every living man. Don’t withhold grace for a dead man.⁠ 34 Don’t avoid those who weep, and mourn with those who mourn. 35 Don’t be slow to visit a sick man, for by such things you will gain love. 36 In all your words, remember eternity, and you will never sin.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 7:29 and Didache 4:1

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Didache teaches to honor parents and priests with language similar to Sirach, following its structure and reshaping it for use in Christian teaching. The Didache demonstrates how Jewish wisdom traditions were valued by early Christians.

Passages

Sirach 7:29

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
27 Honor your father with your whole heart, and don’t forget the birth pangs of your mother. 28 Remember that you were born of them. What will you repay them for the things that they have done for you? 29 Fear the Lord with all your soul; and revere his priests. 30 With all your strength love him who made you. Don’t forsake his ministers. 31 Fear the Lord and honor the priest. Give him his portion, even as it is commanded you: the first fruits, the trespass offering, the gift of the shoulders, the sacrifice of sanctification, and the first fruits of holy things.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

Didache 4:1

Early Christian
1 My child, remember day and night the one who teaches you God's word, and honor him as you would the Lord, for wherever the Lord's nature is spoken of, the Lord is present. 2 Seek the company of holy people every day so you may find comfort in their words. 3 Don't seek division but reconcile those in conflict. Make fair judgments; don't show favoritism when correcting wrongs.
90–120 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Didache

References

"... There are some intriguing features about Matthew’s use of Sirach: Most of these parallels are unique to Matthew among the gospels. Included here are the structuring of the beatitudes (5:3–12), the makarism concerning those who mourn (5:4), the antithesis against adultery (5:27–28), the warning against prayers that use empty phrases (6:7), warnings against laying up treasure on earth (6:19–24), advice about judging good from bad fruit (7:16), the allusions to Elijah (11:14) and (17:11), Jesus’ teaching concerning the heavy yoke (11:28–30), the parable of the treasure hidden in the field (13:44), the warning that the son of man will repay grievances (16:27), and the separation of the sheep and goats (25:34–40). In other words, these texts and themes are singular to the Matthean mindset and thus are not typical of the remaining evangelists. (2) The vast majority of these usages are related to the topic of wisdom and instruction, a theme naturally derived from Sirach that clearly adds to Matthew’s standing as a gospel focused on teachings and contemplative sayings. But these lessons are not simply sapiential in orientation. In many cases they are associated with eschatological concerns, as with those parallels that appear (6:14), (6:20), (11:14), (16:27), (17:11), and (25:34–40). Thus, regardless of whether Jesus of Nazareth was actually concerned for a futuristic eschatology, Matthew finds within the materials of Sirach a working source by which to portray his teachings as such ..."
Clayton N. Jefford, “The Wisdom of Sirach and the Glue of the Matthew–Didache Tradition,” in Intertextuality in the Second Century, ed. D. Jeffrey Bingham and Clayton N. Jefford, BAC 11 (Leiden: Brill, 2016), 8–23.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 7:29 and Didache 4:1

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