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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Nathan, David, and Solomon

Chapter 47

1 After him, Nathan rose up to prophesy in the days of David. 2 As is the fat when it is separated from the peace offering, so was David separated from the children of Israel.⁠ 3 He played with lions as with kids, and with bears as with lambs of the flock. 4 In his youth didn’t he kill a giant, and take away reproach from the people when he lifted up his hand with a sling stone, and beat down the boasting Goliath? 5 For he called upon the Most High Lord, and he gave him strength in his right hand to kill a man mighty in war, to exalt the horn of his people. 6 So they glorified him for his tens of thousands, and praised him for the blessings of the Lord, in that a glorious diadem was given to him. 7 For he destroyed the enemies on every side, and defeated the Philistines his adversaries. He broke their horn in pieces to this day. 8 In every work of his he gave thanks to the Holy One Most High with words of glory. He sang praise with his whole heart, and loved him who made him. 9 He set singers before the altar, to make sweet melody by their music. 10 He gave beauty to the feasts, and set in order the seasons to completion while they praised his holy name, and the sanctuary resounded from early morning. 11 The Lord took away his sins, and exalted his horn forever. He gave him a covenant of kings, and a glorious throne in Israel. 12 After him a wise son rose up, who because of him lived in security. 13 Solomon reigned in days of peace. God gave him rest all around, that he might set up a house for his name, and prepare a sanctuary forever. 14 How wise you were made in your youth, and filled as a river with understanding! 15 Your influence covered the earth, and you filled it with parables and riddles. 16 Your name reached to the far away islands, and you were loved for your peace. 17 For your songs, proverbs, parables, and interpretations, the countries marveled at you. 18 By the name of the Lord God, who is called the God of Israel, you gathered gold like tin, and multiplied silver like lead. 19 You bowed your loins to women, and in your body you were brought into subjection. 20 You blemished your honor, and defiled your offspring, to bring wrath upon your children. I was grieved for your folly, 21 because the sovereignty was divided, and a disobedient kingdom ruled out of Ephraim. 22 But the Lord will never forsake his mercy. He won’t destroy any of his works, nor blot out the posterity of his elect. He won’t take away the offspring of him who loved him. He gave a remnant to Jacob, and to David a root from his own family.⁠

The Divided Kingdoms and Their Prophets

23 So Solomon rested with his fathers. Of his offspring, he left behind him Rehoboam, the foolishness of the people, and one who lacked understanding, who made the people revolt by his counsel. Also Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, and gave a way of sin to Ephraim.⁠ 24 Their sins were multiplied exceedingly, until they were removed from their land. 25 For they sought out all manner of wickedness, until vengeance came upon them.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 11:10 and Sirach 47:22

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Isaiah describes a future where a descendant of Jesse will become a light to the nations, drawing people to seek guidance and restoration. Sirach echoes this expectation when speaking of the enduring line of David, using the same image of Jesse’s root.

Passages

Isaiah 11:10

Hebrew Bible
8 A baby will play over the hole of a snake; over the nest of a serpent an infant will put his hand. 9 They will no longer injure or destroy on my entire royal mountain. For there will be universal submission to the Lord’s sovereignty, just as the waters completely cover the sea. 10 At that time a root from Jesse will stand like a signal flag for the nations. Nations will look to him for guidance, and his residence will be majestic. 11 At that time the Lord will again lift his hand to reclaim the remnant of his people from Assyria, Egypt, Pathros, Cush, Elam, Shinar, Hamath, and the seacoasts. 12 He will lift a signal flag for the nations; he will gather Israel’s dispersed people and assemble Judah’s scattered people from the four corners of the earth.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Sirach 47:22

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
20 You blemished your honor, and defiled your offspring, to bring wrath upon your children. I was grieved for your folly, 21 because the sovereignty was divided, and a disobedient kingdom ruled out of Ephraim. 22 But the Lord will never forsake his mercy. He won’t destroy any of his works, nor blot out the posterity of his elect. He won’t take away the offspring of him who loved him. He gave a remnant to Jacob, and to David a root from his own family. 23 So Solomon rested with his fathers. Of his offspring, he left behind him Rehoboam, the foolishness of the people, and one who lacked understanding, who made the people revolt by his counsel. Also Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, and gave a way of sin to Ephraim. 24 Their sins were multiplied exceedingly, until they were removed from their land.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... The most pertinent element for our study is Romans 15:12, with the citation of Isaiah 11:10: 'Isaiah says, "The Root of Jesse will spring up, one who will rise to rule over the nations; in him the Gentiles will hope.' 'Root of Jesse' is a messianic designation for a royal eschatological deliverer, equivalent to 'Root of David' (1QSb 5:26; 4QFlorilegium 1:11; Psalms of Solomon 17:21-46; Sirach 47:22; Revelation 5:5, 22:16). Paul taps into Israel's prophetic script that Israel's kingdom will rise from its humiliating subjugation under foreign powers like Rome, which will be achieved through Mesiah Jesus ..."
Michael F. Bird, An Anomalous Jew: Paul among Jews, Greeks, and Romans (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2016), 251.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 11:10 and Sirach 47:22

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