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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Praise of Israel’s Ancestors

Chapter 44

1 Let us now praise famous men, our ancestors in their generations.⁠ 2 The Lord created great glory in them— his mighty power from the beginning. 3 Some ruled in their kingdoms and were men renowned for their power, giving counsel by their understanding. Some have spoken in prophecies, 4 leaders of the people by their counsels, and by their understanding, giving instruction for the people. Their words in their instruction were wise. 5 Some composed musical tunes, and set forth verses in writing, 6 rich men endowed with ability, living peaceably in their homes. 7 All these were honored in their generations, and were outstanding in their days. 8 Some of them have left a name behind them, so that others declare their praises. 9 But of others, there is no memory. They perished as though they had not been. They become as though they had not been born, they and their children after them. 10 But these were men of mercy, whose righteous deeds have not been forgotten. 11 A good inheritance remains with their offspring. Their children are within the covenant. 12 Their offspring stand fast, with their children, for their sakes. 13 Their offspring will remain forever. Their glory won’t be blotted out. 14 Their bodies were buried in peace. Their name lives to all generations. 15 People will declare their wisdom. The congregation proclaims their praise. 16 Enoch pleased the Lord, and was taken up, an example of repentance to all generations.⁠

Noah, the Patriarchs, and Israel’s Leaders

17 Noah was found perfect and righteous. In the season of wrath, he kept the race alive. Therefore a remnant was left on the earth when the flood came. 18 Everlasting covenants were made with him, that all flesh should no more be blotted out by a flood. 19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations. There was none found like him in glory,⁠ 20 who kept the law of the Most High,⁠ and was taken into covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant. When he was tested, he was found faithful. 21 Therefore he assured him by an oath that the nations would be blessed through his offspring, that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth, exalt his offspring like the stars, and cause them to inherit from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates River to the utmost parts of the earth. 22 In Isaac also, he established the same assurance for Abraham his father’s sake, the blessing of all men, and the covenant. 23 He made it rest upon the head of Jacob. He acknowledged him in his blessings, gave to him by inheritance, and divided his portions. He distributed them among twelve tribes. He brought out of him a man of mercy, who found favor in the sight of all people,

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 26:5 and Sirach 44:20

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Genesis 26 grounds God’s oath to multiply Abraham’s offspring and bless the nations in Abraham’s obedience to the Torah. Sirach draws on this passage, praising Abraham as one who kept the law and stayed faithful when tested.

Passages

Genesis 26:5

Hebrew Bible
3 Stay in this land. Then I will be with you and will bless you, for I will give all these lands to you and to your descendants, and I will fulfill the solemn promise I made to your father Abraham. 4 I will multiply your descendants so they will be as numerous as the stars in the sky, and I will give them all these lands. All the nations of the earth will pronounce blessings on one another using the name of your descendants. 5 All this will come to pass because Abraham obeyed me and kept my charge, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws.” 6 So Isaac settled in Gerar.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Sirach 44:20

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations. There was none found like him in glory, 20 who kept the law of the Most High, and was taken into covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant. When he was tested, he was found faithful. 21 Therefore he assured him by an oath that the nations would be blessed through his offspring, that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth, exalt his offspring like the stars, and cause them to inherit from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates River to the utmost parts of the earth. 22 In Isaac also, he established the same assurance for Abraham his father’s sake, the blessing of all men, and the covenant.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

... In fact, Sirach 44:19-21 employs many elements of Genesis 26:3-5 in its short gloss of Abraham, evoking, for example, the causally related tropes of obedience, progeny, dust, stars, and the sea (44:21). Bradley Gregory concludes that “these linguistic connections show that both Ben Sira and his grandson were probably working with Genesis 26:5 as the textual background for this understanding of Abraham.” It is highly likely, then, that Genesis 26:5 primarily informed Sirach’s short gloss on Abraham. This has implications for how we understand Sirach’s claim that Abraham kept the law of the Most High. ...
Mark Mariani, “Inheriting, Developing, and Debating within Tradition,” in The Early Reception of the Torah, ed. Kristin de Troyer, Barbara Schmitz, Joshua Alfaro, and Maximilian Haberlein (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2020), 9–10.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 26:5 and Sirach 44:20

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