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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

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Praise of Israel’s Ancestors

Chapter 44

1 Let us now praise famous men, our ancestors in their generations.⁠ 2 The Lord created great glory in them— his mighty power from the beginning. 3 Some ruled in their kingdoms and were men renowned for their power, giving counsel by their understanding. Some have spoken in prophecies, 4 leaders of the people by their counsels, and by their understanding, giving instruction for the people. Their words in their instruction were wise. 5 Some composed musical tunes, and set forth verses in writing, 6 rich men endowed with ability, living peaceably in their homes. 7 All these were honored in their generations, and were outstanding in their days. 8 Some of them have left a name behind them, so that others declare their praises. 9 But of others, there is no memory. They perished as though they had not been. They become as though they had not been born, they and their children after them. 10 But these were men of mercy, whose righteous deeds have not been forgotten. 11 A good inheritance remains with their offspring. Their children are within the covenant. 12 Their offspring stand fast, with their children, for their sakes. 13 Their offspring will remain forever. Their glory won’t be blotted out. 14 Their bodies were buried in peace. Their name lives to all generations. 15 People will declare their wisdom. The congregation proclaims their praise. 16 Enoch pleased the Lord, and was taken up, an example of repentance to all generations.⁠

Noah, the Patriarchs, and Israel’s Leaders

17 Noah was found perfect and righteous. In the season of wrath, he kept the race alive. Therefore a remnant was left on the earth when the flood came. 18 Everlasting covenants were made with him, that all flesh should no more be blotted out by a flood. 19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations. There was none found like him in glory,⁠ 20 who kept the law of the Most High,⁠ and was taken into covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant. When he was tested, he was found faithful. 21 Therefore he assured him by an oath that the nations would be blessed through his offspring, that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth, exalt his offspring like the stars, and cause them to inherit from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates River to the utmost parts of the earth. 22 In Isaac also, he established the same assurance for Abraham his father’s sake, the blessing of all men, and the covenant. 23 He made it rest upon the head of Jacob. He acknowledged him in his blessings, gave to him by inheritance, and divided his portions. He distributed them among twelve tribes. He brought out of him a man of mercy, who found favor in the sight of all people,

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 44:19 and Tosefta Sotah 10:6

Deuterocanon · Rabbinic

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Summary

Rabbinic tradition in the Tosefta tells the stories of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in a sequence connecting each patriarch to a distinct blessing. This resembles the literary style of Sirach, describing the patriarchs as a chain of covenantal faithfulness.

Passages

Sirach 44:19

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
17 Noah was found perfect and righteous. In the season of wrath, he kept the race alive. Therefore a remnant was left on the earth when the flood came. 18 Everlasting covenants were made with him, that all flesh should no more be blotted out by a flood. 19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations. There was none found like him in glory, 20 who kept the law of the Most High, and was taken into covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant. When he was tested, he was found faithful. 21 Therefore he assured him by an oath that the nations would be blessed through his offspring, that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth, exalt his offspring like the stars, and cause them to inherit from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates River to the utmost parts of the earth. 22 In Isaac also, he established the same assurance for Abraham his father’s sake, the blessing of all men, and the covenant. 23 He made it rest upon the head of Jacob. He acknowledged him in his blessings, gave to him by inheritance, and divided his portions. He distributed them among twelve tribes. He brought out of him a man of mercy, who found favor in the sight of all people,
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

Tosefta Sotah 10:6

Rabbinic · Tosefta
When Isaac came along, there was plenty, as it is said, and Isaac sowed in that land and reaped in the same year onehundred fold. So long as Abraham was alive, the wells gushed forth water. When Abraham had died, What does it say? Now the Philistines had stopped and filled with Earth all the wells which his father's servants had dug in the days of Abraham his father. For they said, “Now that they do not gush forth water, they are only a hazard for travelers.” They therefore went and stopped them up. Isaac came along, and the wells gushed water, as it is said, and Isaac dug again the wells of water, which had been dug in the days of Abraham his father. And Isaac's servants dug in the valley, and found there a well of springing water. Before Jacob went down to Aram Naharaim, the House of Laban the Aramaean had not received a blessing, as it is said, for you had little before I came, and it has increased abundantly, and the Lord has blessed you wherever I turned. Once he came down, what does it say? And the Lord has blessed you wherever I turned. And it says, I have learned by divination that the Lord has blessed me because of you. Before Joseph went down to Egypt, the House of Potiphar had not received a blessing. But once he went down, what does it say? From the time that he made them overseer in his house, and overall that he had, the Lord blessed the Egyptians House for Joseph's sake. Before Jacob went down to Egypt, there had been famine, as it is said, for the famine has been in the land. These two years. Once he came down there, What does it say? Now here is seed for you, and you shall sow the land. Said R. Yose, “when Jacob, our Patriarch died, the famine came back where it had been, as it is said, so do not fear; I will provide for you and for your little ones.” providing is stated here, and providing is stated later on. Just as in this context, it is a situation of famine, So in the other context, It is a situation of famine.
190–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Tosefta Sotah

References

"... Chapters 10–12 narrate a series of biblical figures and the benefit each of them brought to the world. These chapters are ordered chronologically from Methuselah (10:1) to Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, the last prophets (13:3). But they also combine thematic subdivisions: the unit from Abraham to Moses (10:1–11:3) focuses on abundance and hunger (The abundance is of different types: Abraham and Isaac brought satiation (sova) to the whole land, while Jacob brought plenty to the places he was staying in. These differences may testify to independent midrashic traditions, but we are interested in the redaction which tied them together) ..."
Ishay Rosen-Zvi, “Between Wisdom and Apocalypse: Reading Tosefta Soṭah Chapters 10–15,” HTR 115.1 (2022): 1–23.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 44:19 and Tosefta Sotah 10:6

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