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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 39

1 He will seek out the wisdom of all the ancients and will be occupied with prophecies. 2 He will keep the sayings of the men of renown and will enter in amidst the subtleties of parables.⁠ 3 He will seek out the hidden meaning of proverbs and be conversant in the dark sayings of parables. 4 He will serve among great men and appear before him who rules. He will travel through the land of foreign nations,⁠ for he has learned what is good and evil among men. 5 He will apply his heart to return early to the Lord who made him, and will make supplication before the Most High, and will open his mouth in prayer, and will ask for pardon for his sins. 6 If the great Lord wills, he will be filled with the spirit of understanding; he will pour forth the words of his wisdom and in prayer give thanks to the Lord.⁠ 7 He will direct his counsel and knowledge, and he will meditate in his secrets. 8 He will show the instruction which he has been taught and will glory in the law of the covenant of the Lord. 9 Many will commend his understanding. So long as the world endures, it won’t be blotted out. His memory won’t depart. His name will live from generation to generation. 10 Nations will declare his wisdom. The congregation will proclaim his praise. 11 If he continues, he will leave a greater name than a thousand. If he finally rests, it is enough for him.

Praise of God the Creator

12 Yet more I will utter, which I have thought about. I am filled like the full moon. 13 Listen to me, you holy children, and bud forth like a rose growing by a brook of water.⁠ 14 Give a sweet fragrance like frankincense. Put forth flowers like a lily. Scatter a sweet smell and sing a song of praise. Bless the Lord for all his works! 15 Magnify his name and give utterance to his praise with the songs on your lips and with harps! Say this when you utter his praise: 16 All the works of the Lord are exceedingly good, and every command will be done in its time. 17 No one can say, “What is this?” “Why is that?” for at the proper time they will all be sought out. At his word, the waters stood as a heap, as did the reservoirs of water at the word of his mouth. 18 At his command all his good pleasure is fulfilled. There is no one who can hinder his salvation. 19 The works of all flesh are before him. It’s impossible to be hidden from his eyes. 20 He sees from everlasting to everlasting. There is nothing too wonderful for him. 21 No one can say, “What is this?” “Why is that?” for all things are created for their own uses. 22 His blessing covered the dry land as a river and saturated it as a flood. 23 As he has made the waters salty, so the nations will inherit his wrath. 24 His ways are plain to the holy. They are stumbling blocks to the wicked. 25 Good things are created from the beginning for the good. So are evil things for sinners. 26 The main things necessary for the life of man are water, fire, iron, salt, wheat flour, and honey, milk, the blood of the grape, oil, and clothing.⁠ 27 All these things are for good to the godly, but for sinners, they will be turned into evils. 28 There are winds that are created for vengeance, and in their fury they lay on their scourges heavily. In the time of reckoning, they pour out their strength, and will appease the wrath of him who made them.⁠ 29 Fire, hail, famine, and death— all these are created for vengeance—⁠ 30 wild beasts’ teeth, scorpions,⁠ adders, and a sword punishing the ungodly to destruction. 31 They will rejoice in his commandment, and will be made ready upon earth when needed. In their seasons, they won’t disobey his command. 32 Therefore from the beginning I was convinced, and I thought it through and left it in writing: 33 All the works of the Lord are good. He will supply every need in its time. 34 No one can say, “This is worse than that,” for they will all be well approved in their time. 35 Now with all your hearts and voices, sing praises and bless the Lord’s name!

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 11:2 and Sirach 39:6

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Isaiah describes God’s spirit resting on an ideal ruler from Jesse’s line, marked by wisdom and insight. Sirach reuses this language but broadens it, applying the spirit to all who pursue wisdom through devoted study.

Passages

Isaiah 11:2

Hebrew Bible
1 A shoot will grow out of Jesse’s root stock, a bud will sprout from his roots. 2 The Lord’s Spirit will rest on him—a Spirit that gives extraordinary wisdom, a Spirit that provides the ability to execute plans, a Spirit that produces absolute loyalty to the Lord. 3 His smelling is in the fear of the Lord7. He will not judge by mere appearances or make decisions on the basis of hearsay. 4 He will treat the poor fairly and make right decisions for the downtrodden of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth and order the wicked to be executed.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Sirach 39:6

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
4 He will serve among great men and appear before him who rules. He will travel through the land of foreign nations, for he has learned what is good and evil among men. 5 He will apply his heart to return early to the Lord who made him, and will make supplication before the Most High, and will open his mouth in prayer, and will ask for pardon for his sins. 6 If the great Lord wills, he will be filled with the spirit of understanding; he will pour forth the words of his wisdom and in prayer give thanks to the Lord. 7 He will direct his counsel and knowledge, and he will meditate in his secrets. 8 He will show the instruction which he has been taught and will glory in the law of the covenant of the Lord.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... The Book of Isaiah has images of the ideal leader that contrast with the failing king in Jerusalem. Such positive images do not occur in the deuterocanonical books. In the Book of Wisdom, however, the idea of royal power as something given instead of being grasped - an idea that is part of the ideal images in the Book of Isaiah - is attributed to the ideal king in Jerusalem in 9:7. Solomon confesses that it is God who made him king, and not over Solomon’s people, but over God’s people. Because the divine act is described by using the verb 'to choose', which is a hapax in the Book of Isaiah, only occurring in 7:15, to describe the right choice of the Immanu-El between good and evil, an allusion to the sign of the Immanu-El arises. Solomon, the climax of wisdom, therefore, could be understood in Wisdom of Solomon 9:7 as an implementation of the Immanu-El as well. It seems to me that in the Book of Ben Sira the idea of the ideal king is re‐interpreted as meaningful for every human being. The negative description of Babel, using the word 'worm' in Isaiah 14:11 LXX, is alluded to in Sirach 10:11 in the description of the mortality of every human being. The positive description of the Shoot of Jesse, expressed by the phrase 'the spirit of understanding' (Isaiah 11:2 LXX), is re-used in Sirach 39:6. God’s spirit is not exclusively meant for the ideal leader, but can be given by the Lord to every human being ..."
Archibald L.H.M. van Wieringen, “The Concept of the City in the Book of Isaiah and in the Deuterocanonical Literature,” in The Early Reception of the Book of Isaiah, ed. Kristin De Troyer and Barbara Schmitz, DCLS 37 (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2019), 17–35.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 11:2 and Sirach 39:6

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