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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Trust in God Rather Than Dreams

Chapter 34

1 Vain and false hopes are for a man void of understanding. Dreams give wings to fools.⁠ 2 As one who grasps at a shadow and follows after the wind, so is he who sets his mind on dreams. 3 The vision of dreams is a reflection, the likeness of a face near a face.⁠ 4 From an unclean thing what can be cleansed? From that which is false what can be true? 5 Divinations, and soothsayings, and dreams, are vain. The heart has fantasies like a woman in labor.⁠ 6 If they are not sent in a visitation from the Most High, don’t give your heart to them. 7 For dreams have led many astray. They have failed by putting their hope in them. 8 Without lying the law will be fulfilled. Wisdom is complete in a faithful mouth. 9 A well-instructed man knows many things. He who has much experience will declare understanding. 10 He who has no experience knows few things.⁠ 11 But he who has traveled increases cleverness. 12 I have seen many things in my travels. My understanding is more than my words. 13 I was often in danger even to death. I was preserved because of these experiences. 14 The spirit of those who fear the Lord will live,⁠ 15 for their hope is in him who saves them. 16 Whoever fears the Lord won’t be afraid, and won’t be a coward, for he is his hope. 17 Blessed is the soul of him who fears the Lord. 18 To whom does he give heed? Who is his support? 19 The eyes of the Lord are on those who love him, a mighty protection and strong support, a cover from the hot blast, a shade from the noonday sun, a guard from stumbling, and a help from falling. 20 He raises up the soul, and enlightens the eyes. He gives health, life, and blessing.

Worship, Justice, and Answered Prayer

21 He who sacrifices a thing wrongfully gotten, his offering is made in mockery. 22 The mockeries of wicked men are not acceptable.⁠ 23 The Most High has no pleasure in the offerings of the ungodly, Neither is he pacified for sins by the multitude of sacrifices. 24 Like one who kills a son before his father’s eyes is he who brings a sacrifice from the goods of the poor. 25 The bread of the needy is the life of the poor. He who deprives him of it is a man of blood.⁠ 26 Like one who murders his neighbor is he who takes away his living. 27 Like a shedder of blood is he who deprives a hired worker of his wages. 28 When one builds, and another pulls down, what profit do they have but toil? 29 When one prays, and another curses, whose voice will the Lord listen to? 30 He who washes himself after touching a dead body, and touches it again, what does he gain by his washing?⁠ 31 Even so a man fasting for his sins, and going again, and doing the same, who will listen to his prayer?⁠ What profit does he have in his humiliation?

Texts in conversation

Compare Amos 5:21 and Sirach 34:22

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Amos rejects festivals and sacrifices when they are not matched by justice, declaring that ritual without ethical integrity is worthless. Sirach 34 repeats this same theme, insisting that offerings gained through injustice are unacceptable.

Passages

Amos 5:21

Hebrew Bible
19 Disaster will be inescapable, as if a man ran from a lion only to meet a bear, then escaped into a house, leaned his hand against the wall, and was bitten by a poisonous snake. 20 Don’t you realize the Lord’s day of judgment will bring darkness, not light—gloomy blackness, not bright light? 21 “I absolutely despise your festivals! I will not smell58 your religious assemblies. 22 Even if you offer me burnt and grain offerings, I will not be satisfied; I will not look with favor on your peace offerings of fattened calves. 23 Take away from me your noisy songs; I don’t want to hear the music of your stringed instruments.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Amos

Sirach 34:22

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
20 He raises up the soul, and enlightens the eyes. He gives health, life, and blessing. 21 He who sacrifices a thing wrongfully gotten, his offering is made in mockery. 22 The mockeries of wicked men are not acceptable. 23 The Most High has no pleasure in the offerings of the ungodly, Neither is he pacified for sins by the multitude of sacrifices. 24 Like one who kills a son before his father’s eyes is he who brings a sacrifice from the goods of the poor. 25 The bread of the needy is the life of the poor. He who deprives him of it is a man of blood.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... If the cult is then understood as the Torah’s vertical dimension and ethics as its horizontal dimension, one can agree with Jensen’s (2006) interpretation, namely that: The vertical and horizontal dimensions go together, equally expressions of God’s will; and this in turn means that where the horizontal dimension (social justice, etc.) is lacking, the vertical dimension (worship, sacrifice) is impossible. (compare also Hrobon 2010:3) Although Hrobon infers that the relationship between the cult and ethics may be more complicated, he still assumes that cultic concepts – as defined in the Priestly literature – are the idea behind these ethical appeals. This perspective – namely that cultic concepts are the main driving force behind the cult-critical statements in the prophetic writings – may offer a fresh alternative to the interpretation of these texts. This perspective is supported by, amongst others, Milgrom when he states ‘true, the ethical is bound up with and inseparable from the ritual, and the Pentateuchal codes make no distinction between them’ ..."
Alphonso Groenewald, “‘But Let Justice Roll Down like Waters, and Righteousness like an Ever-flowing Stream’ (Am 5:24). Social Justice versus Cult Criticism in Amos (5:21–24) and Isaiah (1:10–20): A Trauma Perspective,” HvTSt 75.3 (2019): 1–10.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Amos 5:21 and Sirach 34:22

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