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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Trust in God Rather Than Dreams

Chapter 34

1 Vain and false hopes are for a man void of understanding. Dreams give wings to fools.⁠ 2 As one who grasps at a shadow and follows after the wind, so is he who sets his mind on dreams. 3 The vision of dreams is a reflection, the likeness of a face near a face.⁠ 4 From an unclean thing what can be cleansed? From that which is false what can be true? 5 Divinations, and soothsayings, and dreams, are vain. The heart has fantasies like a woman in labor.⁠ 6 If they are not sent in a visitation from the Most High, don’t give your heart to them. 7 For dreams have led many astray. They have failed by putting their hope in them. 8 Without lying the law will be fulfilled. Wisdom is complete in a faithful mouth. 9 A well-instructed man knows many things. He who has much experience will declare understanding. 10 He who has no experience knows few things.⁠ 11 But he who has traveled increases cleverness. 12 I have seen many things in my travels. My understanding is more than my words. 13 I was often in danger even to death. I was preserved because of these experiences. 14 The spirit of those who fear the Lord will live,⁠ 15 for their hope is in him who saves them. 16 Whoever fears the Lord won’t be afraid, and won’t be a coward, for he is his hope. 17 Blessed is the soul of him who fears the Lord. 18 To whom does he give heed? Who is his support? 19 The eyes of the Lord are on those who love him, a mighty protection and strong support, a cover from the hot blast, a shade from the noonday sun, a guard from stumbling, and a help from falling. 20 He raises up the soul, and enlightens the eyes. He gives health, life, and blessing.

Worship, Justice, and Answered Prayer

21 He who sacrifices a thing wrongfully gotten, his offering is made in mockery. 22 The mockeries of wicked men are not acceptable.⁠ 23 The Most High has no pleasure in the offerings of the ungodly, Neither is he pacified for sins by the multitude of sacrifices. 24 Like one who kills a son before his father’s eyes is he who brings a sacrifice from the goods of the poor. 25 The bread of the needy is the life of the poor. He who deprives him of it is a man of blood.⁠ 26 Like one who murders his neighbor is he who takes away his living. 27 Like a shedder of blood is he who deprives a hired worker of his wages. 28 When one builds, and another pulls down, what profit do they have but toil? 29 When one prays, and another curses, whose voice will the Lord listen to? 30 He who washes himself after touching a dead body, and touches it again, what does he gain by his washing?⁠ 31 Even so a man fasting for his sins, and going again, and doing the same, who will listen to his prayer?⁠ What profit does he have in his humiliation?

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 34:10 and 4 Ezra 3:33

Deuterocanon · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

4 Ezra alludes to Sirach 34, presenting travel as a source of wisdom, reinforcing the idea that experience builds knowledge. This connection suggests that 4 Ezra draws on the Jewish wisdom traditions to give authority to its apocalyptic perspective.

Passages

Sirach 34:10

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
9 A well-instructed man knows many things. He who has much experience will declare understanding. 10 He who has no experience knows few things. 11 But he who has traveled increases cleverness. 12 I have seen many things in my travels. My understanding is more than my words. 13 I was often in danger even to death. I was preserved because of these experiences.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

4 Ezra 3:33

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · 2 Esdras
31 and you have not shown how your way may be comprehended. Are the deeds of Babylon better than those of Zion? 32 Or is there any other nation that knows you beside Israel? Or what tribes have so believed your covenants as these tribes of Jacob? 33 Yet their reward doesn’t appear, and their labor has no fruit, for I have gone here and there through the nations, and I see that they abound in wealth, and don’t think about your commandments. 34 Weigh therefore our iniquities now in the balance, and theirs also who dwell in the world, and so it will be found which way the scale inclines.
70–132 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 4 Ezra

References

"... 4 Ezra is of particular significance for the details of ongoing debate about the roots of apocalyptic, since it has many features in common with wisdom writings, especially Sirach and the Qumran text 4QInstruction. Typically, wisdom literary forms employed in 4 Ezra include riddles (4:5-8) and parables (5:13-18), and shared themes also occur as an interest in Creation and natural phenomena (4:7; 6:1-4, 38-54), and the idea that the wise person is widely travelled (3:29, 33; compare Sirach 34:10-11). There are obvious parallels with the book of Job, too, in the lengthy dialogues and challenges to the reality of God's justice ..."
Susan E. Docherty, The Jewish Pseudepigrapha: An Introduction to the Literature of the Second Temple Period (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2014), 140.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 34:10 and 4 Ezra 3:33

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