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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Trust in God Rather Than Dreams

Chapter 34

1 Vain and false hopes are for a man void of understanding. Dreams give wings to fools.⁠ 2 As one who grasps at a shadow and follows after the wind, so is he who sets his mind on dreams. 3 The vision of dreams is a reflection, the likeness of a face near a face.⁠ 4 From an unclean thing what can be cleansed? From that which is false what can be true? 5 Divinations, and soothsayings, and dreams, are vain. The heart has fantasies like a woman in labor.⁠ 6 If they are not sent in a visitation from the Most High, don’t give your heart to them. 7 For dreams have led many astray. They have failed by putting their hope in them. 8 Without lying the law will be fulfilled. Wisdom is complete in a faithful mouth. 9 A well-instructed man knows many things. He who has much experience will declare understanding. 10 He who has no experience knows few things.⁠ 11 But he who has traveled increases cleverness. 12 I have seen many things in my travels. My understanding is more than my words. 13 I was often in danger even to death. I was preserved because of these experiences. 14 The spirit of those who fear the Lord will live,⁠ 15 for their hope is in him who saves them. 16 Whoever fears the Lord won’t be afraid, and won’t be a coward, for he is his hope. 17 Blessed is the soul of him who fears the Lord. 18 To whom does he give heed? Who is his support? 19 The eyes of the Lord are on those who love him, a mighty protection and strong support, a cover from the hot blast, a shade from the noonday sun, a guard from stumbling, and a help from falling. 20 He raises up the soul, and enlightens the eyes. He gives health, life, and blessing.

Worship, Justice, and Answered Prayer

21 He who sacrifices a thing wrongfully gotten, his offering is made in mockery. 22 The mockeries of wicked men are not acceptable.⁠ 23 The Most High has no pleasure in the offerings of the ungodly, Neither is he pacified for sins by the multitude of sacrifices. 24 Like one who kills a son before his father’s eyes is he who brings a sacrifice from the goods of the poor. 25 The bread of the needy is the life of the poor. He who deprives him of it is a man of blood.⁠ 26 Like one who murders his neighbor is he who takes away his living. 27 Like a shedder of blood is he who deprives a hired worker of his wages. 28 When one builds, and another pulls down, what profit do they have but toil? 29 When one prays, and another curses, whose voice will the Lord listen to? 30 He who washes himself after touching a dead body, and touches it again, what does he gain by his washing?⁠ 31 Even so a man fasting for his sins, and going again, and doing the same, who will listen to his prayer?⁠ What profit does he have in his humiliation?

Texts in conversation

Compare Jeremiah 29:8 and Sirach 34:1

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Jeremiah warns the exiles not to trust dreams and divination, emphasizing that such visions can mislead and delay hope for restoration. Sirach repeats this, portraying dreams as empty and unreliable compared with the wisdom found in the Torah.

Passages

Jeremiah 29:8

Hebrew Bible
6 Marry and have sons and daughters. Find wives for your sons and allow your daughters to get married so that they too can have sons and daughters. Grow in number; do not dwindle away. 7 Work to see that the city where I sent you as exiles enjoys peace and prosperity. Pray to the Lord for it. For as it prospers you will prosper.’ 8 “For the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says, ‘Do not let the prophets among you or those who claim to be able to predict the future by divination deceive you. And do not pay any attention to the dreams that you are encouraging them to dream. 9 They are prophesying lies to you and claiming my authority to do so. But I did not send them. I, the Lord, affirm it!’ 10 “For the Lord says, ‘Only when the seventy years of Babylonian rule are over will I again take up consideration for you. Then I will fulfill my gracious promise to you and restore you to your homeland.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

Sirach 34:1

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 Vain and false hopes are for a man void of understanding. Dreams give wings to fools. 2 As one who grasps at a shadow and follows after the wind, so is he who sets his mind on dreams. 3 The vision of dreams is a reflection, the likeness of a face near a face. 4 From an unclean thing what can be cleansed? From that which is false what can be true? 5 Divinations, and soothsayings, and dreams, are vain. The heart has fantasies like a woman in labor. 6 If they are not sent in a visitation from the Most High, don’t give your heart to them.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... Sirach 34:1-20 ... Devout wisdom more reliable than dreams This poem has three sections: the futility of dreams (34:1-8); the value of wisdom amid life’s experiences (34:9-13); and the benefit of fear of the Lord (34:14-20). The ancient Greeks often thought dreams carried messages from the gods (Plato, Crito 44a), while Jewish apocalyptic texts told of Enoch’s dream visions (1 Enoch 13:10; 83:3). By contrast, Ben Sira adopts the Deuteronomic suspicion of dreams as leading people away from the one true God (Deuteronomy 13:2-5; Jeremiah 23:25-32). Trusting in dreams is like chasing the wind (Ecclesiastes 5:2). Ben Sira generally links dreams with divinations and omens, which the Torah forbids (Leviticus 19:26; Deuteronomy 18:10-14). However, dreams can be sent by God, as happened to Joseph, Solomon, and Eliphaz (Genesis 37:5-10; 1 Kings 3:5-15; Job 4:12-21). Whereas false dreams have led many astray (Jeremiah 29:8-9), perfect wisdom can be reliably found in the law of Moses ..."
Daniel Durken, ed., The New Collegeville Bible Commentary: In One Volume (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2017), 1264.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jeremiah 29:8 and Sirach 34:1

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