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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Honor for Father and Mother

Chapter 3

1 Hear me, your father, O my children, and do what you hear, that you all may be safe. 2 For the Lord honors the father over the children, and has confirmed the judgment of the mother over her sons.⁠ 3 He who honors his father will make atonement for sins.⁠ 4 He who gives glory to his mother is as one who lays up treasure. 5 Whoever honors his father will have joy in his own children. He will be heard in the day of his prayer. 6 He who gives glory to his father will have length of days. He who listens to the Lord will bring rest to his mother, 7 and will serve under his parents, as to masters. 8 Honor your father in deed and word, that a blessing may come upon you from him. 9 For the blessing of the father establishes the houses of children, but the curse of the mother roots out the foundations. 10 Don’t glorify yourself in the dishonor of your father, for your father’s dishonor is no glory to you. 11 For the glory of a man is from the honor of his father, and a mother in dishonor is a reproach to her children. 12 My son, help your father in his old age, and don’t grieve him as long as he lives. 13 If he fails in understanding, have patience with him. Don’t dishonor him in your full strength. 14 For the kindness to your father will not be forgotten. Instead of sins it will be added to build you up. 15 In the day of your affliction it will be remembered for you, as fair weather upon ice, so your sins will also melt away.⁠ 16 He who forsakes his father is as a blasphemer. He who provokes his mother is cursed by the Lord.

Humility and Teachability

17 My son, go on with your business in humility; so you will be loved by an acceptable man.⁠ 18 The greater you are, humble yourself the more, and you will find favor before the Lord. 20 For the power of the Lord is great, and he is glorified by those who are lowly. 21 Don’t seek things that are too hard for you, and don’t search out things that are above your strength.⁠ 22 Think about the things that have been commanded you, for you have no need of the things that are secret. 23 Don’t be overly busy in tasks that are beyond you, for more things are shown to you than men can understand. 24 For the conceit of many has led them astray. Evil opinion has caused their judgment to slip.

Teachability, Generosity, and Care for the Poor

26 A stubborn heart will do badly at the end. He who loves danger will perish in it.⁠ 27 A stubborn heart will be burdened with troubles. The sinner will heap sin upon sins. 28 The calamity of the proud has no healing, for a weed of wickedness has taken root in him. 29 The heart of the prudent will understand a proverb. A wise man desires the ear of a listener. 30 Water will quench a flaming fire; almsgiving will make atonement for sins.⁠ 31 He who repays good turns is mindful of that which comes afterward. In the time of his falling he will find a support.

Texts in conversation

Compare Tobit 12:9 and Sirach 3:30

Deuterocanon

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Summary

Sirach teaches that giving to the poor atones for sin, using language also found in Tobit, building on the wisdom traditions in Proverbs that teach generosity benefits both those who give and those who receive.

Passages

Tobit 12:9

Deuterocanon
7 It is good to keep close the secret of a king, but to confess and reveal the works of God. And confess them with honour. Do the good, and evil shall not find you. 8 Better is prayer with truth, and alms with righteousness than riches with unrighteousness; it is better to give alms than to lay up gold: 9 almsgiving does deliver from death, and it purges away all sin. They that do alms shall be fed with life; 10 they that commit sin and unrighteousness are enemies to their own life. 11 I will show you all the truth and will keep close nothing from you. Already I have shown you and have said, It is good to keep close the secret of a king, but the works of God to reveal gloriously.
225–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Tobit

Sirach 3:30

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
27 A stubborn heart will be burdened with troubles. The sinner will heap sin upon sins. 28 The calamity of the proud has no healing, for a weed of wickedness has taken root in him. 29 The heart of the prudent will understand a proverb. A wise man desires the ear of a listener. 30 Water will quench a flaming fire; almsgiving will make atonement for sins. 31 He who repays good turns is mindful of that which comes afterward. In the time of his falling he will find a support.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... Christians were also presented with a larger set of biblical passages, in which almsgiving featured as a virtuous activity rewarded in various ways by God’s blessing, such as in the portrayal of the just man, Job, as a ‘father of the poor’ or the promise that ‘sins are washed away through faith and almsgiving’. They were to be further impressed by a third set of biblical texts which the promoters of almsgiving in the fourth and fifth centuries interpreted as bearing on almsgiving, including, for example, the parable of the wise and foolish virgins. In all, promoters appealed to over one hundred different passages in the Old and New Testaments. The biblical texts gave a number of reasons why Christians should give alms: to ensure prosperity in this life (Proverbs 28:27), as a matter of justice (Psalms 36:21, 111:9), as a means to win God’s favour in general by securing the prayers of the poor (Sirach 35:21), as a way to escape in particular the ever-present threat of death in a violent world (Tobit 4:10), as expiation for sin (Daniel 4:24, Sirach 3:30, Tobit 12:9), as a way to secure treasure in heaven (Matthew 6:19–20, Luke 18:22), as wealth lent to God to be repaid with interest of a spiritual kind (Proverbs 19:17), as an act of kindness towards Christ in the person of the poor (Matthew 25:31–46). These texts influenced almsgivers directly when read aloud in the Church’s liturgy for all to hear or when read and consigned to memory by individuals ..."
Richard Finn OP, Almsgiving in the Later Roman Empire: Christian Promotion and Practice (313–450) (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 178.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Tobit 12:9 and Sirach 3:30

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