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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Honor for Father and Mother

Chapter 3

1 Hear me, your father, O my children, and do what you hear, that you all may be safe. 2 For the Lord honors the father over the children, and has confirmed the judgment of the mother over her sons.⁠ 3 He who honors his father will make atonement for sins.⁠ 4 He who gives glory to his mother is as one who lays up treasure. 5 Whoever honors his father will have joy in his own children. He will be heard in the day of his prayer. 6 He who gives glory to his father will have length of days. He who listens to the Lord will bring rest to his mother, 7 and will serve under his parents, as to masters. 8 Honor your father in deed and word, that a blessing may come upon you from him. 9 For the blessing of the father establishes the houses of children, but the curse of the mother roots out the foundations. 10 Don’t glorify yourself in the dishonor of your father, for your father’s dishonor is no glory to you. 11 For the glory of a man is from the honor of his father, and a mother in dishonor is a reproach to her children. 12 My son, help your father in his old age, and don’t grieve him as long as he lives. 13 If he fails in understanding, have patience with him. Don’t dishonor him in your full strength. 14 For the kindness to your father will not be forgotten. Instead of sins it will be added to build you up. 15 In the day of your affliction it will be remembered for you, as fair weather upon ice, so your sins will also melt away.⁠ 16 He who forsakes his father is as a blasphemer. He who provokes his mother is cursed by the Lord.

Humility and Teachability

17 My son, go on with your business in humility; so you will be loved by an acceptable man.⁠ 18 The greater you are, humble yourself the more, and you will find favor before the Lord. 20 For the power of the Lord is great, and he is glorified by those who are lowly. 21 Don’t seek things that are too hard for you, and don’t search out things that are above your strength.⁠ 22 Think about the things that have been commanded you, for you have no need of the things that are secret. 23 Don’t be overly busy in tasks that are beyond you, for more things are shown to you than men can understand. 24 For the conceit of many has led them astray. Evil opinion has caused their judgment to slip.

Teachability, Generosity, and Care for the Poor

26 A stubborn heart will do badly at the end. He who loves danger will perish in it.⁠ 27 A stubborn heart will be burdened with troubles. The sinner will heap sin upon sins. 28 The calamity of the proud has no healing, for a weed of wickedness has taken root in him. 29 The heart of the prudent will understand a proverb. A wise man desires the ear of a listener. 30 Water will quench a flaming fire; almsgiving will make atonement for sins.⁠ 31 He who repays good turns is mindful of that which comes afterward. In the time of his falling he will find a support.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 3:21 and Mishnah Chagigah 2:1

Deuterocanon · Rabbinic

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Summary

Sirach discourages theological speculation, urging focus on the Torah. Rabbinic tradition in Mishnah Chagigah echoes this and limits discussion about texts that are difficult to interpret and invite speculation about hidden aspects of God and creation.

Passages

Sirach 3:21

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
20 For the power of the Lord is great, and he is glorified by those who are lowly. 21 Don’t seek things that are too hard for you, and don’t search out things that are above your strength. 22 Think about the things that have been commanded you, for you have no need of the things that are secret. 23 Don’t be overly busy in tasks that are beyond you, for more things are shown to you than men can understand. 24 For the conceit of many has led them astray. Evil opinion has caused their judgment to slip.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

Mishnah Chagigah 2:1

Rabbinic · Mishnah
One may not expound the topic of forbidden sexual relations before three or more individuals; nor may one expound the act of Creation and the secrets of the beginning of the world before two or more individuals; nor may one expound by oneself the Design of the Divine Chariot, a mystical teaching with regard to the ways God conducts the world, unless he is wise and understands most matters on his own. The mishna continues in the same vein: Whoever looks at four matters, it would have been better for him had he never entered the world: Anyone who reflects upon what is above the firmament and what is below the earth, what was before Creation, and what will be after the end of the world. And anyone who has no concern for the honor of his Maker, who inquires into and deals with matters not permitted to him, deserves to have never come to the world.
190–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Mishnah Chagigah

References

"... While it is not stated in so many words, the writer [of Sirach] wants his readers to understand that the knowledge which they have already is an adequate guide for life, and there is no need to look for answers which are not readily available. One can presume that what is referred to here is the Law which man has in his possession as the source of all knowledge. This was a warning which was taken up at a later period by the rabbis and applied to those who would occupy themselves on matters of a mystical kind. Indeed, similar reserve is quite apparent in the mind of the author of the second part of Mishnah Hagigah 2:1, which lays down guidelines for the investigation of certain passages in Scripture. These provided the basis for speculations on the nature of God and the world which he has created. In fact the author goes much further than Ben Sirach and indicates that any one who occupied himself in such matters was in danger of imperiling his life ..."
Christopher Rowland, The Open Heaven: A Study of Apocalyptic in Judaism and Early Christianity (London: SPCK, 1982), 75.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 3:21 and Mishnah Chagigah 2:1

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