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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 28

1 He who takes vengeance will find vengeance from the Lord, and he will surely make his sins firm.⁠ 2 Forgive your neighbor the hurt that he has done, and then your sins will be pardoned when you pray.⁠ 3 Does anyone harbor anger against another and expect healing from the Lord?⁠ 4 Upon a man like himself he has no mercy, and does he make supplication for his own sins?⁠ 5 He himself, being flesh, nourishes wrath. Who will make atonement for his sins? 6 Remember your last end, and stop enmity. Remember corruption and death, and be true to the commandments. 7 Remember the commandments, and don’t be angry with your neighbor. Remember the covenant of the Highest, and overlook ignorance. 8 Abstain from strife, and you will diminish your sins, for a passionate man will kindle strife. 9 A man who is a sinner will trouble friends and sow discord among those who are at peace. 10 As is the fuel of the fire, so it will burn; and as the stoutness of the strife is, so it will burn. As is the strength of the man, so will be his wrath; and as is his wealth, so he will exalt his anger. 11 A contention begun in haste kindles a fire; and hasty fighting sheds blood. 12 If you blow on a spark, it will burn; and if you spit upon it, it will be quenched. Both of these come out of your mouth.⁠ 13 Curse the whisperer and double-tongued, for he has destroyed many who were at peace.⁠ 14 A slanderer has shaken many, and dispersed them from nation to nation. It has pulled down strong cities and overthrown the houses of great men. 15 A slanderer has cast out brave women and deprived them of their labors. 16 He who listens to it will not find rest, nor will he live quietly. 17 The stroke of a whip makes a mark in the flesh, but the stroke of a tongue will break bones. 18 Many have fallen by the edge of the sword, yet not so many as those who have fallen because of the tongue. 19 Happy is he who is sheltered from it, who has not passed through its wrath, who has not drawn its yoke, and has not been bound with its bands. 20 For its yoke is a yoke of iron, and its bands are bands of brass. 21 Its death is an evil death, and Hades is better than it. 22 It will not have rule over godly men. They will not be burned in its flame. 23 Those who forsake the Lord will fall into it. It will burn among them, and won’t be quenched. It will be sent against them like a lion. It will destroy them like a leopard. 24 As you hedge your possession about with thorns, and secure your silver and your gold,⁠ 25 so make a balance and a weight for your words, and make a door and a bar for your mouth. 26 Take heed lest you slip with it, lest you fall before one who lies in wait.

Texts in conversation

Compare Jeremiah 3:22 and Sirach 28:3

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Jeremiah calls the wayward to return so that healing may come, requiring reconciliation between God and people before they can be healed. Sirach reshapes this tradition by requiring reconciliation between people before they can be healed.

Passages

Jeremiah 3:22

Hebrew Bible
20 But, you have been unfaithful to me, nation of Israel, like an unfaithful wife who has left her husband,” says the Lord. 21 “A noise is heard on the hilltops. It is the sound of the people of Israel crying and pleading to their gods. Indeed they have followed sinful ways; they have forgotten to be true to the Lord their God. 22 Come back to me, you wayward people. I want to heal your waywardness.53 Say, ‘Here we are. We come to you because you are the Lord our God. 23 We know our noisy worship of false gods on the hills and mountains did not help us. We know that the Lord our God is the only one who can deliver Israel. 24 From earliest times our worship of that shameful god, Baal, has taken away all that our ancestors worked for. It has taken away our flocks and our herds and even our sons and daughters.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

Sirach 28:3

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 He who takes vengeance will find vengeance from the Lord, and he will surely make his sins firm. 2 Forgive your neighbor the hurt that he has done, and then your sins will be pardoned when you pray. 3 Does anyone harbor anger against another and expect healing from the Lord? 4 Upon a man like himself he has no mercy, and does he make supplication for his own sins? 5 He himself, being flesh, nourishes wrath. Who will make atonement for his sins?
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... Matthew informs his audience that healing was part of Jesus’ mission, which God provided at great cost to Jesus (8:17) ... The context in Isaiah 53 suggests that the servant’s death would heal the nation from its sin (53:4–6, 8–9; compare 1 Peter 2:22–25), a figurative usage (along with judgment) frequent in the prophets (13:15; Isaiah 6:10; 57:18; Jeremiah 3:22; 6:14; 8:11; 14:19; Hosea 14:4; compare 1QH 2.8–9; Sirach 28:3; Pesiqta de Rabbati 44:8). But the broader context of Isaiah ... shows God’s eschatological concern for his people’s complete wellness ... suggesting secondary nuances of physical healing in 53:4–5 as well ... The servant’s suffering would restore to Israel eschatologically the benefits lost through sin ... Thus Matthew cites Isaiah 53:4 to demonstrate that Jesus’ mission of healing fulfills the character of the mission of the servant, who at the ultimate cost of his own life would reveal God’s concern for a broken humanity. Matthew himself also recognizes that genuine physical healings can illustrate principles about spiritual healing (9:5–7, 12; 13:15) ... Jesus’ sacrifice to bear others’ infirmities may also provide a model for the disciples; it appears elsewhere in early Christian parenesis (Romans 15:1–3; 1 Peter 2:20–24) ..."
Craig S. Keener, A Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999), 379.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jeremiah 3:22 and Sirach 28:3

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