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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

The Gifts That Bring Happiness

Chapter 25

1 I enjoy three things, and they are beautiful before the Lord and men: the agreement of kindred, the friendship of neighbors, and a woman and her husband who walk together in agreement. 2 But my soul hates three sorts of people, and I am greatly offended at their life: a poor man who is arrogant, a rich man who is a liar, and an old fool who is an adulterer. 3 If you gathered nothing in your youth, how could you find anything in your old age? 4 How beautiful a thing is judgment in the gray-haired, and for elders to know good counsel!⁠ 5 How beautiful is the wisdom of old men, and understanding and counsel to men who are in honor! 6 Much experience is the crown of the aged. Their glory is the fear of the Lord.⁠ 7 There are nine things that I have thought of, and in my heart counted happy, and the tenth I will utter with my tongue:⁠ a man who has joy with his children, and a man who lives and sees the fall of his enemies.⁠ 8 Happy is he who dwells with a wife of understanding, he who has not slipped with his tongue, and he who has not served a man who is unworthy of him. 9 Happy is he who has found prudence, and he who speaks in the ears of those who listen. 10 How great is he who has found wisdom! Yet there is none greater than one who fears the Lord. 11 The fear of the Lord surpasses all things. To whom shall he who holds it be likened?

Wicked and Virtuous Wives

13 Any wound but a wound of the heart! Any wickedness but the wickedness of a woman!⁠ 14 Any calamity but a calamity from those who hate me! Any vengeance but the vengeance of enemies! 15 There is no venom worse than a snake’s venom. There is no wrath worse than an enemy’s wrath. 16 I would rather dwell with a lion and a dragon than keep house with a wicked woman. 17 The wickedness of a woman changes her appearance, and darkens her face like that of a bear. 18 Her husband will sit among his neighbors, and when he hears it, he sighs bitterly. 19 All malice is small compared to the malice of a woman. Let the portion of a sinner fall on her. 20 As walking up a sandy hill is to the feet of the aged, so is a wife full of words to a quiet man. 21 Don’t be ensnared by a woman’s beauty. Don’t desire a woman for her beauty. 22 There is anger, impudence, and great reproach if a woman supports her husband.⁠ 23 A wicked woman is abasement of heart, sadness of face, and a wounded heart. A woman who won’t make her husband happy is like hands that hang down, and weak knees.⁠ 24 The beginning of sin came from a woman. Because of her, we all die.⁠ 25 Don’t give water an outlet, and don’t give a wicked woman freedom of speech. 26 If she doesn’t go as you direct, cut her away from your flesh.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 24:17 and Sirach 25:7

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Sirach 25 echoes the teaching of Proverbs that tells people not to celebrate an enemy’s downfall. Proverbs presents this as a reminder that gloating can bring unwanted consequences, while Sirach keeps the same focus on showing restraint and humility.

Passages

Proverbs 24:17

Hebrew Bible
15 Do not lie in wait like the wicked against the place where the righteous live; do not assault his home. 16 Indeed a righteous person will fall seven times, and then get up again, but the guilty will collapse in calamity. 17 Do not rejoice when your enemy falls, and when he stumbles do not let your heart rejoice, 18 lest the Lord see it, and be displeased, and turn his wrath away from him. 19 Do not fret because of evil people or be envious of wicked people,
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Sirach 25:7

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
5 How beautiful is the wisdom of old men, and understanding and counsel to men who are in honor! 6 Much experience is the crown of the aged. Their glory is the fear of the Lord. 7 There are nine things that I have thought of, and in my heart counted happy, and the tenth I will utter with my tongue: a man who has joy with his children, and a man who lives and sees the fall of his enemies. 8 Happy is he who dwells with a wife of understanding, he who has not slipped with his tongue, and he who has not served a man who is unworthy of him. 9 Happy is he who has found prudence, and he who speaks in the ears of those who listen.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... Like Proverbs, the poetry of Sirach is generally marked by parallelism, either in single or multiple couplets. But the sayings of Ben Sira consist of both long and short teachings made up from various genres, such as “proverbs,” “hymns of praise,” “songs of thanksgiving,” “laments,” “prophetic speeches” and “wisdom personified speeches”, with the genres of mashal (Sirach 1-43) and rewritten Bible (Sirach 44-49) being the most prominent ones. The basic meaning of mashal is “likeness/comparison,” and it is generally used to describe a popular aphoristic saying. Like Proverbs, Sirach contains “better” sayings, with the standard formula (e.g., Sirach 20:31; 40:28). Numerical sayings usually take the form “x/x plus one” and have their emphasis on the second, larger number (e.g., Sirach 23:16-18; 25:1-2, 7-11; 26:5-6, 28; 50:25-26). Ben Sira’s numerical sayings stretch from 2/3 (Sirach 23:16-18) to 9/10 (Sirach 25:711). Other types of mashal include, among others, “happy” sayings (e.g., Sirach 14:1-2, 20; 25:8-9; 26:1) and “woe” sayings (Sirach 2:12-14; 41:8) ..."
Tremper Longman and Peter Enns, Dictionary of the Old Testament: Wisdom, Poetry & Writings (Inter-Varsity, 2008), 722.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 24:17 and Sirach 25:7

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