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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Wisdom’s Praise and the Torah

Chapter 24

1 Wisdom will praise her own soul, and will proclaim her glory in the midst of her people.⁠ 2 She will open her mouth in the congregation of the Most High, and proclaim her glory in the presence of his power. 3 “I came out of the mouth of the Most High, and covered the earth as a mist.⁠ 4 I lived in high places, and my throne is in the pillar of the cloud.⁠ 5 Alone I surrounded the circuit of heaven, and walked in the depth of the abyss. 6 In the waves of the sea, and in all the earth, and in every people and nation, I obtained a possession. 7 With all these I sought rest. In whose inheritance shall I lodge? 8 Then the Creator of all things gave me a command. He who created me made my tent to rest, and said, ‘Let your dwelling be in Jacob, and your inheritance in Israel.’⁠ 9 He created me from the beginning, before the ages. For all ages, I will not cease to exist.⁠ 10 In the holy tabernacle, I ministered before him. So I was established in Zion. 11 In the beloved city, likewise he gave me rest. In Jerusalem was my domain. 12 I took root in a people that was honored, even in the portion of the Lord’s own inheritance. 13 I was exalted like a cedar in Lebanon, And like a cypress tree on the mountains of Hermon.⁠ 14 I was exalted like a palm tree on the sea shore, like rose bushes in Jericho, and like a fair olive tree in the plain. I was exalted like a plane tree. 15 Like cinnamon and aspalathus, I have given a scent to perfumes. Like choice myrrh, I spread abroad a pleasant fragrance, like galbanum,⁠ onycha, stacte,⁠ and as the smell of frankincense in the tabernacle. 16 Like the terebinth, I stretched out my branches. My branches are glorious and graceful. 17 Like the vine, I put forth grace. My flowers are the fruit of glory and riches. 19 “Come to me, all you who desire me, and be filled with my fruits. 20 For my memory is sweeter than honey, and my inheritance than the honeycomb. 21 Those who eat me will be hungry for more. Those who drink me will be thirsty for more. 22 He who obeys me will not be ashamed. Those who work with me will not sin.”⁠ 23 All these things are the book of the covenant of the Most High God, the law which Moses commanded us for an inheritance for the assemblies of Jacob.⁠ 25 It is he who makes wisdom abundant, as Pishon, and as Tigris in the days of first fruits.⁠ 26 He makes understanding full as the Euphrates, and as the Jordan in the days of harvest, 27 who makes instruction shine forth as the light, as Gihon in the days of vintage. 28 The first man didn’t know her perfectly. In like manner, the last has not explored her.⁠ 29 For her thoughts are filled from the sea, and her counsels from the great deep. 30 I came out as a canal stream from a river, and as an irrigation ditch into a garden. 31 I said, “I will water my garden, and will drench my garden bed.” Behold, my stream became a river, and my river became a sea. 32 I will yet bring instruction to light as the morning, and will make these things clear from far away.⁠ 33 I will continue to pour out teaching like prophecy, and leave it to all generations.⁠ 34 See that I have not labored for myself only, but for all those who diligently seek wisdom.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 48:1 and Sirach 24:3

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Deuterocanon

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Summary

1 Enoch 48 presents the Son of Man using language drawn from Sirach, where wisdom comes from God and fills the world, suggesting that Enoch adapts these wisdom traditions to describe the Son of Man’s preexistence and divine role.

Passages

1 Enoch 48:1

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 In that place, I saw the fountain of righteousness which was inexhaustible; around it were many fountains of wisdom. All the thirsty drank from them, were filled with wisdom, and their dwellings were with the righteous, holy, and elect. 2 At that time, the Son of Man was named in the presence of the Lord of Spirits, and his name was acknowledged before the Head of Days. 3 Yes, before the sun and the signs were created, before the stars of heaven were made, his name was known before the Lord of Spirits.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Sirach 24:3

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 Wisdom will praise her own soul, and will proclaim her glory in the midst of her people. 2 She will open her mouth in the congregation of the Most High, and proclaim her glory in the presence of his power. 3 “I came out of the mouth of the Most High, and covered the earth as a mist. 4 I lived in high places, and my throne is in the pillar of the cloud. 5 Alone I surrounded the circuit of heaven, and walked in the depth of the abyss.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... the Enochic Son of Man differs from his prototype in Daniel 7, who is enthroned only after the judgment has taken place. The motifs of human prayer and angelic intercession (47:1–2), also missing in Daniel 7, are drawn from an earlier part of 1 Enoch (chapter 9). Chapters 48–49, which recount the naming of the Son of Man, reflect the author’s other sources. The first of these is the account of the commissioning of the Servant of the Lord in Isaiah 49:1–6 (compare 48:2 and Isaiah 49:1; 48:4 and Isaiah 49:6; 48:6 and Isaiah 49:2). The title “the Chosen One,” which runs through much of chapters 48–49, corresponds to the same title in Second Isaiah. That the Son of Man was named before the creation of the universe and the present age (48:3, 6) parallels the characteristic attributed to heavenly Wisdom in Proverbs 8:22–31 (compare Sirach 24:3), a connection that is strengthened by the ascription of “wisdom” to the Son of Man (1 Enoch 48:1; 49:1–2). The author’s final source is evident in 48:8, 10, and 49:3, which paraphrase verses in the royal oracles in Psalm 2 (verse 2) and Isaiah 11:1–5 (verse 2), respectively. The title “the Anointed One” (48:10) appears also in 1 Enoch 52:4. The wording of 49:4bc corresponds to Second Isaiah’s first Servant poem (compare Isaiah 42:1) ..."
George W. E. Nickelsburg, “First and Second Enoch: A Cry against Oppression and the Promise of Deliverance,” in The Historical Jesus in Context, ed. Amy-Jill Levine, Dale C. Allison Jr., and John Dominic Crossan, Princeton Readings in Religions (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006), 87–109.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 48:1 and Sirach 24:3

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