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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 20

1 There is a reproof that is not timely; and there is a person who is wise enough to keep silent. 2 How good is it to reprove, rather than to be angry. 3 He who confesses will be kept back from harm. 4 As is the lust of a eunuch to deflower a virgin, so is he who executes judgments with violence. 5 There is one who keeps silent and is found wise; and there is one who is hated for his much talk.⁠ 6 There is one who keeps silent, for he has no answer to make; And there is one who keeps silent, knowing when to speak. 7 A wise man will be silent until his time has come, but the braggart and fool will miss his time.⁠ 8 He who uses many words will be abhorred.⁠ He who takes authority for himself will be hated in it.⁠ 9 There is a prosperity that a man finds in misfortunes; and there is a gain that turns to loss. 10 There is a gift that will not profit you; and there is a gift that pays back double. 11 There are losses because of glory; and there is one who has lifted up his head from a low estate. 12 There is one who buys much for a little, and pays for it again sevenfold. 13 He who is wise in words will make himself beloved; but the pleasantries of fools will be wasted. 14 The gift of a fool will not profit you, for he looks for repayment many times instead of one. 15 He will give little and insult much. He will open his mouth like a crier. Today he will lend, and tomorrow he will ask for it back. Such a one is a hateful man. 16 The fool will say, “I have no friend, and I have no thanks for my good deeds. Those who eat my bread have an evil tongue.” 17 How often, and of how many, will he be laughed to scorn! 18 A slip on a pavement is better than a slip with the tongue. So the fall of the wicked will come speedily. 19 A man without grace is a tale out of season. It will be continually in the mouth of the ignorant.⁠ 20 A parable from a fool’s mouth will be rejected; for he won’t tell it at the proper time. 21 There is one who is hindered from sinning through lack. When he rests, he will not be troubled. 22 There is one who destroys his soul through bashfulness. By a foolish expression, he will destroy it. 23 There is one who for bashfulness makes promises to his friend; and he makes him his enemy for nothing. 24 A lie is an ugly blot on a person. It will be continually in the mouth of the ignorant. 25 A thief is better than a man who is continually lying, but they both will inherit destruction. 26 The destination of a liar is dishonor. His shame is with him continually. 27 He who is wise in words will advance himself. And one who is prudent will please great men. 28 He who tills his land will raise his harvest high. He who pleases great men will get pardon for iniquity. 29 Favors and gifts blind the eyes of the wise, and as a muzzle on the mouth, turn away reproofs. 30 Wisdom that is hidden,⁠ and treasure that is out of sight— what profit is in either of them? 31 Better is a man who hides his folly than a man who hides his wisdom.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 10:19 and Sirach 20:8

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Proverbs says that talking too much can lead to making mistakes, but that wisdom is shown by speaking with restraint. Sirach builds on this wisdom saying, describing how a wise person shows their insight by choosing what they say carefully.

Passages

Proverbs 10:19

Hebrew Bible
17 The one who heeds instruction is on the way to life, but the one who rejects rebuke goes astray. 18 The one who conceals hatred utters lies, and the one who spreads slander is certainly a fool. 19 When words abound, transgression is inevitable, but the one who restrains his words is wise. 20 What the righteous say is like the best silver, but what the wicked think is of little value. 21 The teaching of the righteous feeds many, but fools die for lack of sense.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Sirach 20:8

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
6 There is one who keeps silent, for he has no answer to make; And there is one who keeps silent, knowing when to speak. 7 A wise man will be silent until his time has come, but the braggart and fool will miss his time. 8 He who uses many words will be abhorred. He who takes authority for himself will be hated in it. 9 There is a prosperity that a man finds in misfortunes; and there is a gain that turns to loss. 10 There is a gift that will not profit you; and there is a gift that pays back double.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... As a contrast with the rich person whose words are “loathsome,” Ben Sira takes the case of a pauper who “will speak giving insight”. The word is the hiphil masculine participle from the root (“have insight,” “be prosperous”); the cognate noun (“insight”) occurs in 13:23. The exact syntactic function in 13:22 is uncertain. It could refer to what is spoken, since the form occurs thirteen times in the Masoretic text as a title for various psalms, possibly in the sense of “didactic poem” or “skillful composition.” However, the uncertainty over the meaning as a psalm title makes this suggestion suspect, and so it seems better to understand the word as describing the action of a person “giving insight.” In the book of Proverbs the participle refers to “one giving insight” or “an insightful person”; for example, Proverbs 10:19 teaches: “One who restrains his words is an insightful person” (compare Prov 15:24) ..."
Jeremy Corley, Ben Sira's Teaching on Friendship (Providence, RI: Brown Judaic Studies, 2020), 149.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 10:19 and Sirach 20:8

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