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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 18

1 He who lives forever created the whole universe.⁠ 2 The Lord alone is just. 4 He has given power to declare his works to no one. Who could trace out his mighty deeds? 5 Who could measure the strength of his majesty? Who could also proclaim his mercies? 6 As for the wondrous works of the Lord, it is not possible to take from them nor add to them,⁠ neither is it possible to explore them. 7 When a man has finished, then he is just at the beginning. When he stops, then he will be perplexed. 8 What is mankind, and what purpose do they serve? What is their good, and what is their evil?⁠ 9 The number of man’s days at the most are a hundred years. 10 As a drop of water from the sea, and a pebble from the sand, so are a few years in the day of eternity.⁠ 11 For this cause the Lord was patient over them, and poured out his mercy upon them.⁠ 12 He saw and perceived their end, that it is evil. Therefore he multiplied his forgiveness. 13 The mercy of a man is on his neighbor; but the mercy of the Lord is on all flesh:⁠ reproving, chastening, teaching, and bringing back, as a shepherd does his flock.⁠ 14 He has mercy on those who accept chastening, and that diligently seek after his judgments.

Prudence, Generosity, and Self-Control

15 My son, don’t add reproach to your good deeds, and no harsh words in any of your giving. 16 Doesn’t the dew relieve the scorching heat? So a word is better than a gift. 17 Behold, isn’t a word better than a gift? Both are with a gracious person. 18 A fool is ungracious and abusive. The gift of a grudging person consumes the eyes.⁠ 19 Learn before you speak. Take care of your health before you get sick. 20 Before judgment, examine yourself, and in the hour of scrutiny you will find forgiveness. 21 Humble yourself before you get sick. In the time of sins, repent. 22 Let nothing hinder you to pay your vow in due time. Don’t wait until death to be released. 23 Before you make a vow, prepare yourself. Don’t be like a man who tests the Lord. 24 Think about the wrath coming in the days of the end, and the time of vengeance, when he turns away his face. 25 In the days of fullness remember the time of hunger. Remember poverty and lack in the days of wealth. 26 From morning until evening, the time changes. All things are speedy before the Lord. 27 A wise man is cautious in everything. In days of sinning, he will beware of offense. 28 Every man of understanding knows wisdom. He will give thanks to him who found her. 29 They who were of understanding in sayings also became wise themselves, and poured out apt proverbs. 30 Don’t go after your lusts. Restrain your appetites.⁠ 31 If you give fully to your soul the delight of her desire, she will make you the laughing stock of your enemies. 32 Don’t make merry in much luxury,⁠ and don’t be tied to its expense. 33 Don’t be made a beggar by banqueting with borrowed money when you have nothing in your purse.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 18:1 and Revelation 1:18

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation describes Jesus as one who lives forever and holds authority over life and death, language that echoes Jewish traditions about God’s eternal rule. Sirach uses similar language to portray the creator as the one who lives forever.

Passages

Sirach 18:1

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 He who lives forever created the whole universe. 2 The Lord alone is just. 4 He has given power to declare his works to no one. Who could trace out his mighty deeds? 5 Who could measure the strength of his majesty? Who could also proclaim his mercies?
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

Revelation 1:18

New Testament
13 and in the midst of the lampstands was one like a son of man. He was dressed in a robe extending down to his feet, and he wore a wide golden belt around his chest. 14 His head and hair were as white as wool, even as white as snow, and his eyes were like a fiery flame. 15 His feet were like polished bronze refined in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar of many waters. 16 He held seven stars in his right hand, and a sharp double-edged sword extended out of his mouth. His face shone like the sun shining at full strength. 17 When I saw him I fell down at his feet as though I were dead, but he placed his right hand on me and said: “Do not be afraid! I am the first and the last, 18 and the one who lives! I was dead, but look, now I am alive—forever and ever—and I hold the keys of death and of Hades! 19 Therefore write what you saw, what is, and what will be after these things.
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... The presence of such a Daniel 4:35-37 influence in verse 11 would be explainable because of the Danielic influence and echoes already seen in verses 9-11, especially the double occurrence of the Daniel 4:34 allusions in verses 9-10. In fact, the language of Daniel 4:35-37 may be appended by John - consciously or unconsciously - to the divine attribute of eternity because this is the hymnic pattern in the Daniel (9, Masoretic) text. Whether John is drawing from a tradition which had already combined these two LXX and Theodotion (or Masoretic) readings, or whether he knew them both in some textual form and combined them consciously, we are not able to say with certainty. Perhaps the former is the case, since the parallels from Qumran, Wisdom and the Psalms may represent some such circulating tradition, and such hymnic language would have been susceptible of easy adaption for repeated use in early Jewish and Christian liturgy. On the other hand, the Danielic framework of Revelation 4-5 may point to the latter alternative ..."
G. K. Beale, The Use of Daniel in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature and in the Revelation of St. John (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2010), 200.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 18:1 and Revelation 1:18

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