Go to Related Reading
About this book

Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 16

1 Don’t desire a multitude of unprofitable children, neither delight in ungodly sons. 2 If they multiply, don’t delight in them unless the fear of the Lord is in them. 3 Don’t trust in their life. Don’t rely on their numbers; for one can be better than a thousand, and to die childless than to have ungodly children.⁠ 4 For from one who has understanding, a city will be populated, but a race of wicked men will be made desolate. 5 I have seen many such things with my eyes. My ear has heard mightier things than these. 6 In a congregation of sinners, a fire will be kindled. In a disobedient nation, wrath is kindled.⁠ 7 He was not pacified toward the giants of old time, who revolted in their strength.⁠ 8 He didn’t spare Lot’s neighbors, whom he abhorred for their pride.⁠ 9 He didn’t pity the people of perdition who were taken away in their sins, 10 or in like manner, the six hundred thousand footmen who were gathered together in the hardness of their hearts.⁠ 11 Even if there is one stiff-necked person, it is a marvel if he will be unpunished; for mercy and wrath are both with him who is mighty to forgive, and he pours out wrath. 12 As his mercy is great, so is his correction also.⁠ He judges a man according to his works.⁠ 13 The sinner will not escape with plunder. The perseverance of the godly will not be frustrated. 14 He will make room for every work of mercy. Each man will receive according to his works.⁠ 17 Don’t say, “I will be hidden from the Lord,” and “Who will remember me from on high?” I will not be known among so many people, for what is my soul in a boundless creation? 18 Behold, heaven, the heaven of heavens, the deep, and the earth, will be moved when he visits.⁠ 19 The mountains and the foundations of the earth together are shaken with trembling when he looks at them. 20 No heart will think about these things. Who could comprehend his ways?⁠ 21 Like a tempest which no man can see, so, the majority of his works are hidden. 22 Who will declare his works of righteousness? Who will wait for them? For his covenant is afar off. 23 He who is lacking in understanding thinks about these things. An unwise and erring man thinks foolishly.

Creation, Human Beings, and God’s Mercy

24 My son, listen to me, learn knowledge, and heed my words with your heart. 25 I will impart instruction with precision, and declare knowledge exactly. 26 In the judgment of the Lord are his works from the beginning. From the making of them he determined their boundaries.⁠ 27 He arranged his works for all time, and their beginnings to their generations. They aren’t hungry or weary, and they don’t cease from their works. 28 No one pushes aside his neighbor. They will never disobey his word. 29 After this also the Lord looked at the earth and filled it with his blessings. 30 All manner of living things covered its surface, and they return into it.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 16:14 and 1 Corinthians 11:29

Deuterocanon · New Testament

Share:

Summary

In 1 Corinthians, Paul echoes a Jewish tradition from Sirach that teaches all are judged fairly based on their actions. In Sirach, this connects mercy and punishment as two sides of divine justice. Paul uses it to describe the consequences of behavior.

Passages

Sirach 16:14

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
11 Even if there is one stiff-necked person, it is a marvel if he will be unpunished; for mercy and wrath are both with him who is mighty to forgive, and he pours out wrath. 12 As his mercy is great, so is his correction also. He judges a man according to his works. 13 The sinner will not escape with plunder. The perseverance of the godly will not be frustrated. 14 He will make room for every work of mercy. Each man will receive according to his works. 17 Don’t say, “I will be hidden from the Lord,” and “Who will remember me from on high?” I will not be known among so many people, for what is my soul in a boundless creation? 18 Behold, heaven, the heaven of heavens, the deep, and the earth, will be moved when he visits. 19 The mountains and the foundations of the earth together are shaken with trembling when he looks at them. 20 No heart will think about these things. Who could comprehend his ways?
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

1 Corinthians 11:29

New Testament
27 For this reason, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. 28 A person should examine himself first, and in this way let him eat the bread and drink of the cup. 29 For the one who eats and drinks without careful regard for the body eats and drinks judgment against himself. 30 That is why many of you are weak and sick, and quite a few are dead. 31 But if we examined ourselves, we would not be judged. 32 But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned with the world. 33 So then, my brothers and sisters, when you come together to eat, wait for one another. 34 If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that when you assemble it does not lead to judgment. I will give directions about other matters when I come.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Corinthians

References

"... This view that suffering is brought on by one’s sins remains the dominant conviction in the proto- and deuterocanonical works such as Esther, Judith, Tobit, 1 and 2 Maccabees and Sirach. Sirach says, for example, that “each receives his reward according to his deeds” (Sirach 16:14). Paul, as a Pharisee, would have accepted this view and would have believed that suffering was a God-given sign of judgement or punishment. He seems to accept this view in 1 Corinthians 11:29-32 ... However, despite the above, Paul is adamant that this is not why he suffers: he is an innocent righteous sufferer (see, for example, 1 Corinthians 4:1-5) ..."
Philip B. Mortell, A Socio-rhetorical Interpretation of Paul’s Theology of Christian Suffering in 1 Corinthians (University of Limerick, 2020), 24–25.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Sirach 16:14 and 1 Corinthians 11:29

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library