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Shepherd of Hermas

About this book

The Eighth Parable of the Willow Tree

Chapter 67

1 He showed me a great willow, overshadowing plains and mountains, and all who are called by the name of the Lord have come under the shadow of the willow.⁠ 2 By the willow stood an angel of the Lord, glorious and very tall, holding a large sickle, and he was cutting branches from the willow,⁠ and giving them to the people who found shelter beneath the willow; and he gave them small rods about a cubit long. 3 After everyone had taken the rods, the angel laid the sickle aside, and the tree was left intact, just as I had seen it. 4 Then I wondered, saying to myself, “How is the tree intact after so many branches have been lopped off?” The shepherd said to me, “Do not be amazed that the tree remained intact after so many branches were cut off, but wait until you see all things, and what it means will be shown to you.” 5 The angel who had given out the rods asked the people for them back, and they were summoned to him in the same order in which they had received them, and each returned his own rod. The angel of the Lord took them and examined them. 6 Some returned rods that were withered and seemingly eaten by grubs. The angel ordered those who handed in rods like that to stand apart. 7 Others returned them withered, but not grub-eaten; these also he ordered to stand apart. 8 Others handed theirs in half-withered; these too stood apart. 9 Others returned their rods half-withered and cracked; these also stood apart. 10 Others returned their rods green but cracked; they too stood apart. And others returned rods with one half withered and the other half green; they also stood apart. 11 Others returned rods two parts green, and the third part withered; these too stood apart. And others handed them in two parts withered, and the third part green; these too stood apart. 12 Others returned their rods almost all green, with just a tiny portion of the rod withered at the tip; but they had cracks in them; these too stood apart. 13 Others had a very small portion green, but the rest of the rod was withered; these also stood apart. 14 Still others came bringing their rods green, just as they had received them from the angel; and most of the crowd returned their rods in this condition; and the angel was overjoyed at these; these also stood apart. 15 Others returned their rods green and with shoots; these too stood apart; and the angel was again overjoyed at these. 16 And others returned their rods green and with shoots; and their shoots had, in a way, some fruit. And those people whose rods were found in this condition were extremely glad. The angel was delighted with them, and the shepherd was very happy with them.

Texts in conversation

Compare Shepherd of Hermas 67:1 and Gospel of Thomas 20

Early Christian · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

In the Shepherd of Hermas, believers find shelter under a large willow. The Gospel of Thomas uses the same Greek expression for birds sheltered by the mustard plant, connecting the kingdom with a tree that protects those beneath it.

Passages

Shepherd of Hermas 67:1

Early Christian
1 He showed me a great willow, overshadowing plains and mountains, and all who are called by the name of the Lord have come under the shadow of the willow. 2 By the willow stood an angel of the Lord, glorious and very tall, holding a large sickle, and he was cutting branches from the willow, and giving them to the people who found shelter beneath the willow; and he gave them small rods about a cubit long.
90–140 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Shepherd of Hermas

Gospel of Thomas 20

Nag Hammadi
19 Jesus said, “Blessed is the one who existed before coming into being. If you become my disciples and listen to my words, these stones will serve you. For you have five trees in paradise which do not change, summer or winter, and their leaves do not fall. Whoever knows them will not taste death.” 20 The disciples said to Jesus, “Tell us what the kingdom of heaven is like.” He said to them, “It is like a mustard seed, the smallest of all seeds; but when it falls on plowed soil it produces a great plant and becomes a shelter for birds of the sky.”
135–200 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Thomas

References

“... 20.4 And becomes a shelter for birds of the air. Pokorný may well be correct here that there is an emphasis on security in the ‘shelter’. The reference to the Greek loan word [...] here perhaps relates to its use in the Shepherd of Hermas, where all who are called by the name of the Lord come under the σκέπη of a great willow tree (Herm. 67 [Sim. 8.1].1). Thomas’s version is that which has least connection with the Old Testament by comparison with all the Synoptics, which for Crossan is evidence of Thomas’s primitivity but for Goodacre is the opposite. ...”
Simon Gathercole, The Gospel of Thomas: Introduction and Commentary (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 299.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Shepherd of Hermas 67:1 and Gospel of Thomas 20

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