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Second Discourse of the Great Seth

Second Treatise of the Great Seth

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The Patriarchs Were a Farce

Chapter 8

With beneficial friendship I will fulfill all things by means of the Good One, because the harmony of truth is that they should be without an enemy. However, none of those who cause division learns wisdom, because causing division is not to be a friend, but an enemy to everyone. The one, however, who lives in the union and friendship of brotherly love, out of nature and not just out of obligation, perfectly and not just partly, that one is truly the desire of the Father, being universal and perfect love, because Adam was a farce, and he was created by the Hebdomad from the image of a type of a man,⁠ as if he had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to him, given that we did not sin. Abraham, however, was a farce, like Isaac and Jacob were, given that the Hebdomad gave them a name, that is, “patriarchs,” from the image, as if he had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to him, given that we did not sin. David was a farce, given that his son was named Son of Man, having been put into action by the Hebdomad, as if he had grown stronger than myself and my race, but we are innocent with regard to him. We did not sin. Solomon was a farce, given that he grew proud by means of the Hebdomad, even thinking he was Christ, as if he had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to him. I did not sin. The 12 prophets were a farce, given that they appeared as mimicries of the true prophets.⁠ They came to exist from the image by means of the Hebdomad, as if it had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to it, and we did not sin. Moses was a farce, “a faithful servant” called “friend.” They testified of him falsely, given that he never knew me. He knew me not, and not one of those who preceded him, from Adam to Moses and John the Baptizer, knew myself or my brethren. They possessed teaching from angels to keep dietary rules, even bitter bondage. They never knew the truth, and they will never know it, because their souls are in bondage, and they will never be able to find a free mind in order for them to know, unless they come to know the Son of Man. However, owing to my Father, I was the one the world knew not, and this is why it rose up in opposition to me and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to it. We did not sin, because the archon was a farce, given that he said, “I am God, and there is no one who is greater than I am. I am the only one who is Father and Lord, and no one exists other than me. I am a jealous God, and I assign the sins of the fathers to the children for three and four generations” – as if he had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to him, because we did not sin. Although we learned his teaching, he abides in pride, and he does not concur with our Father, because he was a farce, with his judgment and false prophecy.

Texts in conversation

Compare Gospel of Thomas 85 and Second Discourse of the Great Seth 8:4

Nag Hammadi

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Summary

In the Gospel of Thomas, Adam fails despite coming from great power. In the Second Discourse of the Great Seth, he is an imitation from the beginning, so his weakness comes from how he was created rather than a loss of his earlier greatness.

Passages

Gospel of Thomas 85

Nag Hammadi
84 Jesus said, “When you see your likeness you are happy. But when you see your images that came into being before you and that neither die nor are revealed, how much you will have to bear!” 85 Jesus said, “Adam came from great power and great wealth, but he did not become worthy of you. For had he been worthy, [he would] not [have tasted] death.” 86 Jesus said, “The foxes have their holes and the birds have their nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head and rest.”
135–200 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Thomas

Second Discourse of the Great Seth 8:4

Nag Hammadi · Second Treatise of the Great Seth
The one, however, who lives in the union and friendship of brotherly love, out of nature and not just out of obligation, perfectly and not just partly, that one is truly the desire of the Father, being universal and perfect love, because Adam was a farce, and he was created by the Hebdomad from the image of a type of a man, as if he had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to him, given that we did not sin. Abraham, however, was a farce, like Isaac and Jacob were, given that the Hebdomad gave them a name, that is, “patriarchs,” from the image, as if he had grown stronger than myself and my brethren, but we are innocent with regard to him, given that we did not sin.
190–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Second Discourse of the Great Seth

References

“... The designation ‘a great power and a great wealth’ leaves open the possibility of some sort of demiurgic figure. Although sometimes evil (e.g. in ‘classical’ Gnostic works such as Ap. John and Gos. Jud.), two points reinforce the positive valuation of Adam’s creator here (whether Jesus or a demiurge): first, wealth of a spiritual kind is positively valued in Thomas (29.3; 81.1), as elsewhere in early Christian literature (and Nag Hammadi texts); secondly, the point of referring to this origin of Adam is to highlight the drastic nature of his fall into death (probably) from such an exalted position. Thomas may be consciously taking a position in the discussion of Adam’s origins (even if that position is not completely clear to us). It is evident that GTh 85.1 contrasts with the Second Treatise of the Great Seth, where Adam is created as a counterfeit man by the Hebdomad, an evil demiurge (62,27–31). ...”
Simon Gathercole, The Gospel of Thomas: Introduction and Commentary (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 517.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Gospel of Thomas 85 and Second Discourse of the Great Seth 8:4

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